ILLUSTRATIONS AND CRITICISMS 



subservient to the corporate life." ^ The his- 

 torical induction at the close of the preceding 

 chapter showed us that such has been the case. 

 While during the advance toward greater het- 

 erogeneity and coherence, the original lines of 

 demarcation between communities have been 

 ever becoming effaced as the communities have 

 become integrated into higher and higher aggre- 

 gates, we saw that as a part of the very same 

 process the individualities of the members of 

 society have been ever increasing in definiteness 

 and ever acquiring a wider scope for activity. 

 And we saw that this process not only has ever 

 gone on, but must continue to go on ; since, by the 

 law of use and disuse, the sympathetic or social 

 feelings must continue to grow at the expense 

 of the selfish or anti-social feelings ; and since 

 this slow emotional modification, which makes 

 possible the higher integration of society, en- 

 sures also the higher individuation of its mem- 

 bers. " Progress, therefore, is not an accident, 

 but a necessity. Instead of civilization being 

 artificial, it is a part of nature ; all of a piece 

 with the development of the embryo or the un- 

 folding of a flower. The modifications man- 

 kind have undergone, and are still undergoing, 

 result from a law underlying the whole organic 

 creation ; and provided the human race con- 



1 Spencer's Essays, zd series, p. 154. [Library Edition, 

 vol. i. pp. 176, 177.] 



333 



