COSMIC PHILOSOPHY 



into account "the totality of man*s being/** 

 In this emphatic statement there, is a certain 

 amount of truth, though Mr. Mivart is not jus- 

 tified in implying that it is a truth which the 

 Darwinian is bound not to recognize. The enor- 

 mous difference between civilized man and the 

 highest of brute animals is by no one more em- 

 phatically recognized than by the evolutionist, 

 who holds that to the process of organic devel- 

 opment there has been superadded a stupendous 

 process of social development, and who must 

 therefore admit that with the beginning of hu- 

 man civilization there was opened a new chap- 

 ter in the history of the universe, so far as we 

 know it. From the human point of view we may 

 contentedly grant that, for all practical purposes, 

 the difference between an ape and a mushroom 

 is of less consequence than the difference be- 

 tween an ape and an educated European of the 

 nineteenth century. But to take this educated 

 European as a typical sample of mankind, and 

 to contrast him directly with chimpanzees and 

 gibbons, is in the highest degree fallacious ; since 

 the proceeding involves the omission of a host 

 of facts which, when taken into the account, 

 must essentially modify the aspect of the whole 

 case. 



When we take the refined and intellectual 

 Teuton, with his one hundred and fourteen 

 * Nature, April 20, 1871. 



