GENESIS OF MAN, INTELLECTUALLY 



cial environment which results from the grow- 

 ing interdependence of communities once iso- 

 lated, and which we have already seen to be the 

 fundamental element of progress in general. For 

 this integration of communities has not only 

 directly enlarged the area throughout which ad- 

 justments are required to be made, but it has 

 indirectly aided the advances in scientific know- 

 ledge requisite for making the adjustments. 



Great, however, as has been the extension of 

 the correspondence in space which has charac- 

 terized the progress of the favoured portion of 

 humanity from barbarism to civilization, the ex- 

 tension of the correspondence in time is a much 

 more conspicuous and more distinctly human 

 phenomenon. As we trace this kind of mental 

 evolution through sundry classes and orders of 

 the animal kingdom in an ascending series, it is 

 to be observed that until we reach the higher 

 mammals the two kinds of correspondence ad- 

 vance together, — the distance at which outer 

 relations are cognized forming a measure of the 

 interval by which their effects may be antici- 

 pated. But among the higher mammals there 

 is observed a higher order of adjustments to 

 future emergencies, which advances more rap- 

 idly than the extension of the correspondence 

 in space, and which in the human race first ac- 

 quires a notable development. " Not that the 

 transition is sudden," observes Mr. Spencer, 

 71 



