GENESIS OF MAN, INTELLECTUALLY 



gacity and in power of handling things, and the 

 ape and elephant are, with the exception of man, 

 the most sagacious of mammals.^ Of the human 

 race, too, it may be said that, although Anax- 

 agoras was wrong in asserting that brutes would 

 have been men had they had hands, he might 

 safely have asserted that without hands men 

 could never have become human. Now this 

 interdependence of the directive and executive 

 faculties is continued throughout the process 

 of social evolution in the shape of the interde- 

 pendence of the sciences and the arts. " We 

 may properly say that, in its higher forms, the 

 correspondence between the organism and its 

 environment is effected by means of supplement- 

 ary senses and supplementary limbs. . . . The 

 magnifying glass adds but another lens to the 

 lenses existing in the eye. The crowbar is but 

 one more lever attached to the series of levers 

 forming the arm and hand. And the relation- 

 ship, which is so obvious in these first steps, 

 holds throughout." We may indeed go still 

 deeper, and say that science is but an extension 

 of our ordinary sense perceptions by the aid of 

 reasoning, while art is but an extension of the 

 ordinary function of our muscular system, of ex- 

 pressing our psychical states by means of motion. 

 Hence it is that " each great step towards a know- 

 ledge of laws has facilitated men's operations on 

 ^ Spencer, op. cit. i. 368-372. [§ 165.] 



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