GENESIS OF MAN, MORALLY 



mal equilibrium between pleasures and pains 

 and the correlative benefits and injuries, since it 

 involves the undue exertion of certain faculties 

 and the undue repression of others, but there is 

 further disturbance due to the specific character 

 of the overwork. Throughout a very large and 

 constantly increasing portion of the commu- 

 nity, the excessive labour is intellectual labour ; 

 the abnormal strain comes upon the nervous 

 system. The task of maintaining the corre- 

 spondence with environing relations, which in 

 the course of organic evolution has been en- 

 trusted more and more largely to the nervous 

 system, and which in the course of social evo- 

 lution has been thrown more and more upon 

 the cerebrum, has during the past hundred 

 years been thrown upon the cerebrum to a for- 

 midable extent. The community, therefore, is 

 suffering not simply from overwork, but from 

 excessive brain work, in the shape of inordinate 

 thinking and planning, and inordinate anxiety. 

 " Further, it is to be observed that many of the 

 industrial activities which the struggle for exist- 

 ence has thrust on the members of modern soci- 

 eties, are indoor activities, — activities not only 

 not responded to by the feelings inherited from 

 aboriginal men, but in direct conflict with those 

 more remotely inherited and deeply organized 

 feelings which prompt a varied life in the open 

 air." Hence manifold disturbance. " A seden- 



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