44 



THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



Appakatus, &c, Supplied for use in Naturalists' Workroom — continued. 



3 Shrimp nets, mouth 4 ft. wide. (These yield 

 good results, if worked at night at low 

 tide.) 

 3 Circular prawn nets, 3 ft. in diameter. 

 3 Drum net traps, 5 ft. x 2J ft. 

 24 Lobster pots. 

 2 Fishing rods. 



Store of lines, swivels, &c. 

 "Wire ventilating screens 22 in. x 12, for 

 drying plants. (A large supply is recom- 

 mended if the collection of plants on any 

 great scale is intended.) 



50 



Reams botanical paper. 

 „ filtering paper. 

 ,, ordinary brown paper. 

 „ fine white paper for algae. 

 Supply of calico for covering algae when 



drying. 

 Supply of microscopic reagents, picric acid, 

 osmic acid, chromic acid, chromate of 

 potassium, cyanide of potassium for pre- 

 serving specimens, corrosive sublimate, 

 arsenical soap, &c. 



Chemical Apparatus Supplied. 



Reagents. — Large supplies of all chemicals which could possibly be of use were taken. As was expected, 

 many substances were never used at all, but, on the other hand, there was nothing wanted which was not to be 

 had. Experience showed that it is necessary to have a complete set of the ordinary laboratory reagents sucb as 

 are included in the lists in Fresenius' Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis. These need not take up much 

 room, for, the great majority of them are wanted so seldom that very small quantities suffice. The liquid 

 reagents should be made up in 2 oz. stoppered bottles, and the solid substances required for replenishing them 

 or for use in the dry way should be kept in 2 oz. wide-mouthed stoppered bottles, and for most reagents this 

 supply is sufficient. There are, however, certain chemicals, which are always in more frequent use, and others 

 which, from the special nature of the work, will be required in greater quantity, and of these larger supplies 

 must naturally be provided. Of the ordinary reagents so required, there are the acids, sulphuric, hydrochloric, and 

 nitric, the alkalies, potash and ammonia, and salts, such as chloride of barium and nitrate of silver. The acids 

 should be both dilute and concentrated, and it is well to have the dilute acids handy in larger quantity than 

 would be contained in a 2 oz. bottle. Caustic potash should be kept in the solid state. The special reagents 

 required in larger quantity are determined by the nature of the work contemplated, and as the principal purely 

 chemical work carried on regularly was the determination of carbonic acid, considerable supplies of hydrate 

 of baryta as well as of chloride of barium were required. Spirits of wine is necessarily carried in large quantity 

 on account of its use as fuel and for preserving specimens. A solvent such as ether, sulphide of carbon, or 

 chloroform, is often wanted, the last of these should be preferred. 



In fitting out the laboratory with chemicals, an abundant supply of those required for the regular every 

 day work which it is proposed to carry out should be taken, but room should not be wasted in accommodating 

 reserve supplies of substances which are likely to be wanted only occasionally. As apothecaries and 

 photographers are to be found all over the world, there is no difficulty in replenishing the store of any chemical 

 which may be exhausted. Strong acids should not be kept on board in large quantities, as they also can be 

 replenished. 



General Laboratory Apparatus. 

 The following is a list of apparatus supplied or purchased, and found useful during the cruise : — 



Metal Apparatus. 



1 Copper air-bath. 



4 „ water-baths. 



8 Iron sand-baths. 



2 Retort stands. 



6 Tinned iron spirit lamps. 



18 Brass clips. 



2 Crucible tongs. 



3 Spatulas. 



5 Steel pincettes. 



2 „ ,, with platinum points. 



