146 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



The following notes are from the late Dr. E. v. Willemoes Suhm's Journal, June 

 1873 :— 



" On looking at the Blue and Red Birds of the island (Sialia imlsoni and Pitylus 

 cardinalis), one would imagine them to be in the most suitable and natural habitat, and 

 that their existence here was not due to artificial introduction ; yet we are told that the 

 red bird was introduced only some thirty years ago. When we remember the swarms of 



"To these should have been added the Oculina bermudensis of.Duchassaing and Michelotti. With the exception of 

 Oculina valenciennesi, these were all obtained by the Challenger ; and, in addition, eleven other species of true corals, and 

 one Hydroid coral ; thus doubling the number formerly known. 



" Astroea proper {Favia) and Mazandrina are with certainty recorded for the first time from this locality, there 

 being two species of the former and three of the latter genus. To the species of Isophyllia, four others have been 

 added, one of which, according to Milne-Edwards and Haime, occurs both in the Atlantic and Pacific. Three other 

 species of Oculina were obtained, one of these being a new one. 



"The complete list of the reef-corals with revised synonymy includes the following : — 

 Iso2>hyllia dipsacea, Dana. 



„ strigosa, Duch. and Mich. ( = Isophyllia rigida, Verrill). 

 „ australis, M.-Edw. and H. 

 „ knoxi, Duch. and Mich. 

 „ marginata, Duch. and Mich. 

 „ cylindrica ? Duch. and Mich. 

 Mazandrina strigosa, Dana. 



„ sinuosissima, M.-Edw. and H. 



„ labyrinthiformis, (Linn.) Ell. and Sol. 



Diploria cerebrifornds, Lamk. 

 Astrcea ananas, Ell. and Sol. 



„ coarctata, Duch. and Mich. 

 Agaricia fragilis, Dana. 

 Hiderastraza galaxea, Ell. and Sol. 

 Porites clavaria, Lamk. 

 • Oculina diffusa, Lamk. 



„ pallens, (Ehrb.) Dana. 



„ varicosa, (Les.) Dana. 



„ speciosa, M.-Edw. and H. 



„ coronalis, n. sp. 



„ bermudensis, Duch. and Mich. 



" To these must be added Pentalophora decactis. Lyman, and the Oculina valenciennesi, mentioned by Dana, making 

 a total of twenty-three species which are now known from the Bermuda Reefs ; besides the two Hydroid Corals — 



Millepora alcicornis, Linn. 

 „ ramosa, Pall. 



"It will be seen that the species not previously found are Isophyllia marginata, Isophyllia, australis, Isnphyllin 

 knoxi, Isophyllia cylindrica ; Mmandrina strigosa, Mazandrina sinuosissima, Mazandrina labyrinthiformis ; Astraza ananas, 

 Astrcea coarctata ; Oculina speciosa, Oculina coronalis, and Millepora ramosa. 



" Mazandrina labyrinthiformis was recorded from this locality by Dana in the "Zoophytes," but it has been omitted 

 in his later work; and although General Nelson, in his paper read before the Geological Society in 1834, on the 

 structure of the Bermudas, speaks of large, massive, and perfect Mmandrina as being found in the chalk conglomerate, 

 yet there is no certainty as to whether Diploria, Mazandrina proper, or even Manicina was intended, since 

 the Mazandrina of Lamarck included the three ; while his obtaining the Mazandrina areolata from a large block of reel' 

 in the solid rock, 15 or 20 feet from the surface, indicates that Manicina has flourished in this locality, although no 

 representative of the genus has been found living on the Reefs. 



"Taking into consideration the large increase in the number of species of reef-corals occurring at Bermuda which 

 lias resulted from the Challenger Expedition, it cannot be doubted that a lengthened slay in this interesting group 

 would yield still greater results." 



