AMERICAN VINES. 17 



well in calcareous soils without the leaves becoming yellow, 

 However, from this point of view it is not equal to th& 

 V. Berlandieri. 



(f) V. Labrusca. Species generally medium in vigour, 

 but climbing sometimes to a great height. Canes stout and 

 long. Sometimes its nodes are covered with glandulous 

 hair, especially in the herbaceous state. Tendrils continuous 

 (this is the only species with continuous tendrils). The 

 buds are pink, and the leaves covered on the upper and 

 under face with dense tomentum, imparting a metallic 

 appearance. The bunches are medium, and 

 generally shouldered with large berries, 

 round or ovate, having a fleshy pulp of very 

 peculiar taste, reminding one of black cur- 

 rants (foxy taste). Skin generally thick, 

 maturation early ; seeds large, chalaze and 

 raphe generally slightly or not apparent at ^ ^brusS f V ' 

 all (Fig. 10). 



The V. Labrusca grows in the east of the United States 

 in non-calcareous soils, and more particularly in granitic 

 soils, covered with forests, retaining the moisture in the 

 ground. 



2ND. DESCRIPTION AND APTITUDES OF CEP AGES. 

 These different species 'have furnished graft-bearers eiher 

 through the selection of certain of their wild forms, or been 

 crossed with European varieties to form hybrids, utilized as 

 direct-producers or graft-bearers. We will now study these 

 different forms and hybrids. 



(A). FORMS DERIVED FROM V. JESTIVALIS. 

 The different forms of V. ^Estivalis may be regarded as 

 specially fit for direct production. The quality of their 

 fruit, which has no peculiar taste, renders them more suit- 

 able than any other for direct-producers. The best known 

 amongst the V. ^Estivalis hybrids are the Jacquez, Herbe- 

 mont, Black-July, Cunningham, and Norton's Virginia. 



JACQUEZ. 



The Jacquez (Fig. 11), although resisting phylloxera 

 -attacks, succumbs and dies if it is not placed under 

 circumstances favorable to its vegetation. For instance, in 

 the department of the Var, where it was cultivated to a 



10890. B 



