22 MANUAL OP MODERN VITICULTURE. 



and is now completely discarded. It is a very vigorous vine 

 of spreading habit, long canes of medium size with numerous 

 ramifications. Adult leaves of medium size, entire or 

 slightly trilobed, deep green and almost glabrous on the 

 upper-face, with very light down on the veins. Lighter 

 green and shorter down forming tufts on the veins of the 

 under-face. Young leaves trilobed, slightly whitish on 

 both faces, with pink margins ; bunch small and compact ; 

 berries small, deep bluish black. 



The resistance of Black- July to phylloxera is 11, accord- 

 ing to Viala. 



The wine made from the Black-July, although not so rich 

 in colour as that of Jacquez, may be considered as a very 

 good table wine. Unfortunately, the small volume of its 

 bunches and berries does not assure a very large yield. It 

 is less subject to chlorosis than the Herbemont, but more so 

 than Jacquez. It seems to grow in all soils which are 

 not too wet or too cold. It ripens its fruit later than the 

 Herbemont, and roots very well from cuttings. 



CUNNINGHAM. 



After Herbemont and Jacquez this has been the most 

 widely cultivated of the .ZEstivalis in the south of France. 

 It has a great analogy to the Black-July, and forms with 

 it a group characterized by their small and Compact grapes, 

 and their almost entire leaves (Fig. 13) if compared with 

 the large grapes, and the lobed leaves of Jacquez and 

 Herbemont. 



The resistance of Cunningham to phylloxera is 12. 



The characteristics of this cepage are a very vigorous 

 stump, a spreading habit, and long ramified canes. The 

 adult leaves are large, entire, or slightly trilobed. The 

 petiolar sinus is generally closed. The teeth are in two 

 series, generally blunt. Leaves slightly goffered between 

 the veins, of a deep g.een and slightly downy on the 

 upper-face, of a whitish green, and covered with long 

 hair on the under-face. The young leaves are trilobed, 

 downy, and white on both faces. The grapes are very com- 

 pact, medium in size and shouldered, with small black or 

 slightly grey berries. The wine made from Cunningham, 

 which is rich in alcohol, and possesses certain qualities, 

 is unfortunately deficient in colour, and its grapes can only 



