'28 MANUAL OF MODERN VITICULTURE. 



resistance to phylloxera seems to be due to the latter. It is 

 only 15, while the V. Riparia, and V. Rupestris are 19, and 

 the V. Candicans 13. The Solonis has been cultivated for 

 a very long time in many botanical gardens in Europe, but 

 the exact date of its importation is not known. Viala found 

 similar forms, or even identical forms in New Mexico. It 

 possesses remarkable properties of resisting limestone, as 

 well as the action of sea salt, and for these reasons it is still 

 used, notwithstanding its inferior resistance to phylloxera. 

 % Its principal characters are : vigorous stump, spreading 

 habit, canes long, with medium internodes, almost cylindrical, 

 slightly sinuous, with long and numerous ramifications, 

 covered with a slight down towards the extremities, and 

 retaining traces of it after lignification. The leaves are 

 medium, entire, with two series of long and sharp teeth, 

 those at the end of the lobes being longer. The three teeth 

 indicating the inferior lobes curl underneath, towards the 

 leaf axis. The leaves are slightly folded along the 

 mid-rib with extremities curled underneath. The young 

 leaves are covered with a whitish down on both faces ; 

 when adult they are of a dull green on the upper-face, with 

 straight hair on the under-face, which is slightly lighter 

 (Fig. 16). The bunches of grapes are small and compact, 

 with small black berries. 



The Solonis grows in soils containing up to 20 per cent, 

 of lime in its worst form. It grows fairly well in damp and 

 even wet soils. It is only in such soils that it may be re- 

 garded as preferable to other stocks, notwithstanding its 

 middling resistance to phylloxera. 



In calcareous soils, where it can grow, it should be 

 replaced by the Rupestris du Lot, or the Riparia x Rupestris 

 3309 or 101-14, more refractory to the action of phylloxera. 



The main defect of the Solonis is in not rooting well from 

 cuttings, especially if these are large. If, however, small 

 cuttings are well preserved and placed under favorable 

 conditions, a strike of 80 to 85 per cent, may be expected. 



CLINTON. 



Synonym: Plant Pouzin (Ardeche). The Clinton was 

 one of the first ce"pages imported to Europe at the beginning 

 of the experiments with American vines. According to the 

 Americans it was considered to be one of the best direct 

 producers, and was cultivated on a large scale as such. Too 



