54 MANUAL OF MODERN VITICULTURE. 



We see from this that none of the direct producers 

 actually known can be recommended, and it is towards 

 European vines grafted on American stocks, strongly 

 resistant to phylloxera, and well adapted to given soils, that 

 vim-growers must exclusively turn their efforts, if they desire 

 to make a success ofreconstitution of phylloxerated vineyards. 

 We will, therefore, only study the selection of graft-bearers 

 fulfilling the conditions indicated : 



1st. RESISTANCE TO PHYLLOXERA. 



So far as resistance to phylloxera is concerned, the graft- 

 bearers actually in use may be classified as follows, the scale 

 of resistance ranging from to 20, 20 being absolute re- 

 sistance : 



Resistance. 



Alicante-Bouschet X Rupestris No. 136 .;- 



Aramon X Rupestris Ganzin No. I ;..' ... ... 1.6? 



Aramon X Rupestris Ganzin No. *2 ,.: ... ... 16? 



Berlandieri (selected forms) ... ... .../<..,. 17 



Chasselas X Berlandieri No. 41 ,,..,:. , ... ... 17? 



Jacquez ... ... ... .'.',.. ... ... li' 



Petit -Bouschet X Riparia ... ... ;,. ... 17 



Riparia X Berlandieri No. 33 ... ..." ! ... 17 



Riparia X Berlandieri No. 34 ... L ...,,.. ... 17 



Riparia Gloire de Montpellier, or R. Portalis ; : '.'.. 18 



Riparia Grand Glabre ... : ... ... ... 18 



Riparia X Rupestris 101-14... ... ... 18 



Riparia X Rupestris 3306 ... ... ... ... 18 



Riparia X Rupestris 3309 ... . . .. ... 18 



Rupestris du Lot, or R. Phenomene ... ..- .... 18 



Rupestris Martin ., ... >-,' ; <.W -v. ; ... 18 



Rupestris Metallica... ... ,\. r ... ... ;. ... 18 



Rupestris Mission ... ... ,''',...' ... ... 18 



Solonis ..'. :..' ... ... ... .. 14 



Taylor ... ... ... ... ... ... 13 



Taylor-Narbonne ... .. ... ... 17 



Tisserand (Cabernet X Berlandieri No. 333) ... ... 16? 



Vialla ... ... ... ... ... ... 14 



The natural tendency of vine-growers to use only those 

 vines offering high resistance has caused a great many graft- 

 bearers used at first to be eliminated. These graft-bearers 

 have in some special cases succeeded, but in the majority of 

 cases succumbed. They are given in the above list with 

 marks below 14. Such are Jacquez, Taylor, Vialla, and 

 Solonis, except in soils where they could not be replaced by 

 any other, as we will see later on. It is not advisable to use 

 Franco- American hybrids, for even if their resistance to phyl- 

 loxera seems satisfactory their European strain is not in their 



