58 MANUAL OF MODEKN VITICULTURE. 



we were successful in obtaining plants resisting chlorosis, 

 we always failed to obtain vines having sufficient resist- 

 ance to the action of phylloxera in soils in which it 

 multiplies easily ; and this is not surprising, as the 

 strain of Vinifera has always a chance d priori of 

 diminishing the resistance of the American parent. But 

 now the time has come when we cannot sacrifice the 

 resistance to phylloxera in favour of resistance to lime, 

 and this is the reason which induced us to abandon the 

 Tisserand (Cabernet x Berlandieri No. 333) of the School 

 of Agriculture of Montpellier, which always bears in every 

 soil perfectly green grafts, and seems more resistant than 

 Jacquez to phylloxera, that is to say, sufficient in many cases, 

 but not always. We cannot state that the Franco- American 

 hybrids already created will not realize the desired condi- 

 tions, but we feel convinced that the solution to the problem 

 must be looked for in another direction. 



American hybrids have been created without any strain 

 of Vinifera whatever. Some of these resist limestone to a 

 high degree, but those so far created do not resist it as well 

 as the Franco- American (Franco x Berlandieri) hybrids, 

 one of the parents only being resistant. 



However, we can quote amongst these, remarkable types 

 which may render real services in soils in which vines only 

 get slight chlorosis, such as the Groies of the Charentes 

 (Riparia x Rupestris No. 101-14, of Millardet, and de 

 Grasset ; Riparia x Rupestris 3306 and 3309, of Courderc ; 

 Belton or Candicans x Monticola). Further, certain types, 

 such as the Riparia x Berlandieri^ created by Millardet, 

 de Grasset, Courderc, Malegue, &c. ; the Berlandieri x 

 Riparia Nos. 33 and 34, of the School of Agriculture of 

 Montpellier, and a few others, will, perhaps, possess both 

 qualities of resistance to lime and phylloxera, but they 

 require further experimentation. It is self-evident, however, 

 that it is amongst wild species living naturally in chalky 

 soils in the United States that we have the best chance of 

 finding types resisting chlorosis, and from this point of view 

 the only two deserving to be studied are the V. Monticola 

 and V. Berlandieri. 



They both grow in Texas, and seem to be endowed with 

 great power of resistance to phylloxera, drought, and 

 chlorosis. The Monticola resists a little better, but, unfor- 

 tunately, it does not root freely from cuttings, and the forms 

 imported have not up to the present proved very vigorous. 



