GRAFTING. 



Ill 



the blade of the grafting knife is slided against the . face 

 and above the springs of the frustrum, making an oblique 

 and plane section ; the knife is then turned over and placed 

 between the face and the spring, making the cleft in the 

 right position. 



F. Richter makes thousands of whip-tongue grafts every 

 year, and uses a still simpler guide. Each operator has 

 before him three brass tubes, 

 varying in diameter, with one 

 end cut bevel shape at the re- 

 quired angle and fixed on a 

 stand bolted on the table (Fig. 

 90). The canes are passed 

 through one of the tubes cor- 

 responding to its diameter, and 

 the bevel made by sliding a 

 Kunde knife over the side of 

 the tube. A woman makes the 

 tongues by hand with a small 

 knife. 



Finally, a great number of machines have been invented 

 to help the making of the whip tongue graft. The only one 

 generally used now is that devised by Petit, civil engineer at 

 Langon (Gironde). 



This machine (Fig. 91) consists essentially of two blades, 

 one G, used to make the bevel, the other F, used to make 



Fig. 90. -Richter s Grafting Knife. 



Fig. 91. Petit's Grafting Machine, used for whip-tongue grafting. 



the tongue. They are both fixed on a lever provided with a 

 handle P, at one of its extremities, revolving round a pivot 

 at the other extremity. This lever works between the two 

 parallel guides M N, keeping it in a horizontal position and 



