CULTURAL CARE. 131 



where spring frosts are to be feared ; the dormant eye in 



this case generally remains so, and may develop in case 



of accident and furnish some crop, or, at any rate, a 



good cane for the following year's pruning. A section 



must be made on the node immediately 



following the last eye retained, and 



perpendicular to the axis of the shoot ; 



by doing so a ligneous diaphragm (Fig. 



110) is preserved, protecting .the pith 



against atmospheric water, which would 



rot the eye. As it may be rather difficult 



to cut exactly through the diaphragm, it 



is better to make a cut slightly above it, 



and slanting, so as to destroy the bud which 



it is not intended to keep. 



In some cases if the internodes are 

 very long a slanting section is made a 

 few inches above the retained eye ; the 

 slanting disposition prevents water from 

 accumulating in the pith. These general 

 indications apply also to long rod prun- 

 ing. However, in this case, the long 

 rod having to feed a much greater num- 

 ber of shoots, these shoots do not generally 

 develop enough to furnish replacing wood 

 for the following year ; it is therefore 

 indispensable to complete this method 

 by keeping a spur which will furnish more 

 vigorous shoots, better placed, for the 

 following primings. (Dr. Guyot's method.) 



(B.) ESTABLISHMENT OF VINES. 



Vines may be trained in the gooseberry 

 bush, trellis of cordon method. Vines Fig. no. 



pruned according to the gooseberry bush Longitudinal section of 



,, . . 9 j- 7 .a vine cane showing 



method consist in a trunk and a crown diaphragms, 

 composed of a variable number of arms 

 radiating from the centre (Fig. 111). This is the method 

 generally adopted in the South of France. It has the 

 advantage of allowing the shoots to spread evenly over 

 the surface of the ground and shelter it to a certain 

 extent, keeping it moist. It is easy with this method to 

 cross-plough, to replace " misses," it does away with stakes 



I 2 



