CULTURAL CARE. 



133 



requires better knowledge and care to keep an even develop- 

 ment between the different corresponding parts. In regions 

 necessitating the use of 

 this method we would 

 advise replacing it by the 



With 



plant 



cordon method, 

 this method the 

 follows a single direc- 

 tion, which may be 

 horizontal, vertical, or 

 slanting, and is formed 

 by a stem carrying spurs, 

 or spurs and long rods, 

 but no arms (Fig. 114). 

 Under these circum- 

 stances we would not be 

 preoccupied in keeping 

 an equilibrium between 



"V" 



I 



Fig. 113. Spalier with rods and spurs. 



the different parts of the plant, as the growth always takes 

 place in the same direction. 



The chaintre method used in Touraine is a modification 

 of the trellis. The plants, very far apart, are formed by 



Fig. 114. Cazenave's Cordon with rods and spurs. 



foundation wood, with symmetrical arms extended horizon- 

 tally above the soil and supported by small wooden forks 

 bearing a long rod (Fig. 115). This system seems to suit 

 Americo-jEstlvalis hybrids. If applied to graft-bearers it 

 would have the advantage of diminishing the number of 

 grafts and the number of plants per acre on account of 

 the considerable distance left between each stump. In 

 hot, dry, Mediterranean regions it is inconvenient, as it 

 requires frequent displacement during summer cultivation, 

 which might cause the grapes to roast. In regions where 



