224 



MANUAL OF MODERN VITICULTURE. 



found that the contact in the English graft can be made so 

 much more perfect than in the Champin graft that the 

 actual contact is usually greater in the former than in the 

 latter. Moreover, the strip 



BB 



of bark on the long tongue of 



176. End-to-End and Champin Graft. 

 1, 2. Method of making the End-to-End Grift. 

 3, 4. Cross-section through the union of the above graft, showing 

 how complete!}' the stock unites with the scion on all sides. 

 5. Union of End-to-End Graft. 

 -12. Method of making Champin Graft. 



the Champin graft is more likely to become detached or 

 injured than the well-supported bark on the English graft ; 

 and, finally, the exposed cut at the end of the scion is almost 

 sure to emit strong roots, while that on the stock prevents 

 the complete and thorough union which is possible with the 

 English graft. The tongue, therefore, should be reduced to 

 the minimum, that is to say, should be as short as possible, 

 while giving solidity to the graft until union takes place. 

 For purposes of comparison, parallel experiments were made 

 with both methods. 



