228 MANUAL OF MODERN VITICULTURE. 



The reason for completely covering with sand was to pre 

 vent the scions from being* dried out by the wind. 



Fig. 178. Method of Planting in Nursery. 



Planting the Grafts after previous Callusing. The grafts 

 were planted in the nursery after they had been from six to 

 to eight weeks in the callusing bed. 



When the grafts were taken out of the callusing pile it 

 was noticed that the unions of those which had been buried 

 on the south side were much more complete than those 

 buried on the north side, showing the effect of heat in pro- 

 moting the formation of healing tissue. In the warmer 

 parts of the pile the buds of the scions had started, a dis- 

 advantage which was, however, more than counterbalanced 

 by the good callusing, as was proved by their subsequent 

 better growth. The only other difference noted was that 

 the Riparia stock had developed more rootlets than the 

 Eupestris at this time. 



The grafts were planted out in the nursery in trenches 

 about 18 inches deep and 14 to 15 inches wide, as already 

 described. The grafts were planted in a manner similar to 

 that described on page 227, with a few modifications which 

 were found to be necessary. The grafts first planted were 

 put in the soil so as to bring the unions just level with the 

 soil surface. But the loose soil soon settled about 2 inches, 

 so that the unions became actually deeper. The grafts 

 planted later were placed with the unions about 2 inches 

 above the surface to offset this settling. Moreover, some 

 further precautionary measures had to be taken to prevent 

 the soil from drying out too much near the grafts. It was 

 found best to make the bank of piled-up earth wider by 

 putting more soil at the sides so as to preserve the moisture 

 of the soil. 



The soil was moist enough when the grafts were planted, 

 but the sand had to be moistened before putting into the 



