254 MANUAL OF MODERN VITICULTURE. 



ELONGATED or ELONGATE Drawn out in length, as an elongated leaf. 



EMARGINATE (Bot. ) When speaking of a leaf, means that, in en tire leaves, 

 the limb becomes narrow suddenly below the two teeth forming the 

 two lateral lobes. 



ENTIRE (Bot.) When speaking of a leaf, means one consisting of a single 

 piece, having a continuous edge without any lobes. 



EOCENE (Geol ) The earliest of the three divisions of the Tertiary epoch 

 of geologists. Rocks of this age contain shells. 



EXCISION The act of cutting out or cutting off. 



EXCORIATED When speaking of bark, means that detaching in strips. 



EXFOLIATING When speaking of bark, that separating from the trunk and 

 coming off in long pieces. 



FECUND Fruitful ; prolific. 



FERTILITY The state of being fruitful or producing offspring. 



FIBRO-VASCULAR BUNDLES Vegetable tissue composed partly of sap 

 tubes. 



FILAMENT (Bot.) The thread-like part of the stamen supporting the 

 anther. 



FILIFORM Having the shape of a thread or filament. 



FLORESCENCE (Bot.) The bursting into flower or blossoming. 



FLUTED TRUNK Trunk with natural grooves situated lengthwise. 



FOSSILIFEROUS (Geol.) Containing fossils. 



FRUCTIFEROUS (Bot.) Bearing or producing fruit. 



FRUCTIVITY (Bot. ) The quality of bearing fruit. 



FUNGI, sing. FUNGUS (Bot.) A class of cellular and flowerless plants be- 

 longing to the cryptogams. 



FUSION OF CHARACTERS When speaking of a hybrid, means that the 

 characters of both parents are united in the offspring. 



GALL, of phylloxera An excrescence produced on the leaves of American 

 vines by one of the wingless forms of phylloxera. 



GARIGUES SOILS Red, siliceous, dry loam, covering the rock formation of 

 certain hills in the South of France. 



GLABROUS Smooth, having a surface wiihout hairs. 



GLAND An organ which secretes some peculiar product from the sap of 

 plants. 



GLAUCOUS Of a sea-green colour j of a dull green passing into greyish- 

 blue. 



GLOBULAR Having the form of a ball or sphere. 



GOFFERED or GAUFFERED Crimped like the leaves of some vines. 



GRANITE A rock consisting essentially of crystals of felspar and mica in 

 mass of quartz. 



GROIES (French) Applies to certain calcareous soils of the Charante dis- 

 trict. 



HERBACEOUS Having the nature, texture, or characteristics of a herb ; a 

 shoot in a green state. 



HERMAPHRODITE Possessing the organs of both sexes. 



HONEYCOMB STRUCTURE When speaking of vine leaves, a symmetrically 

 uneven, wrinkly, or goffered surface. See Goffered. 



HUMID Containing sensible moisture ; damp ; moist. 



HUMIDITY Moisture ; dampness ; a moderate degree of wetness percep- 

 tible to the eye or touch. 



HUMIFEROUS Containing humus. 



HUMUS That portion of the soil formed by the decomposition of animal 

 or vegetable matter. It is a valuable constituent of soil. 



HYBERNATE or HIBERNATE To pass the winter in close quarters, in a. 

 torpid or dormant state, as phylloxera. 



HYBRID The offspring of the union of two different species. 



HYBRIDIZATION The act of hybridizing. 



