248 MANUAL OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUITS 



at Golfe-Juan and perhaps elsewhere, and in his own garden 

 at Nice was only killed after surviving several winters. 



The fruit is known in French as barbadine, in Portuguese as 

 maracujd melao, and in Spanish as granadilla or granadilla 

 real. The name granadilla is applied, in different parts of the 

 tropics, to several species of Passiflora, and in order to dis- 

 tinguish them it is necessary to append a qualifying word. It 

 is derived from granada, and means "small pomegranate." 



Macmillan recommends that the shoots be well cut back 

 after the fruiting season is past. It is commonly believed 

 necessary to resort to hand-pollination to insure the produc- 

 tion of fruit, but this is not always the case. The protandrous 

 character of the passifloras, and the necessity of cross-pollina- 

 tion, are mentioned in the discussion of the purple granadilla ; 

 that it is sometimes possible, however, for fruits to be produced 

 by self-fertilization, has been shown by experience. Paul 

 Knuth, after describing the character of the passiflora flower, 

 says : " Autogamy (self-pollination) would seem to be ex- 

 cluded under such circumstances, yet it is possible that the 

 stigmas and the anthers may be brought into contact when the 

 flower closes at the end of the single day's anthesis. This is 

 the more probable as Warnstorf saw a fully formed fruit in a 

 greenhouse. Here, then, is a case in which an obviously 

 chasmogamous flower (one in which the perianth opens) is 

 only self-pollinated after it has closed." If P. quadrangularis 

 is self -sterile, however, it would do no good to have the flowers 

 self-pollinated. If insects are lacking to do the work, cross- 

 pollination must be effected by hand. 



Propagation is by seed or by cuttings, which should be 10 to 

 12 inches long and from well-matured stems, and should be 

 inserted in sand. 



Several other species of Passiflora are cultivated in the tropics 

 for their fruit. P. laurifolia, known as yellow granadilla, water- 

 lemon, Jamaica honeysuckle, sweet-cup, bell-apple, and pomme 



