INSECTA. 103 



of the presence of the flea, but if neglected, serious con- 

 sequences ensue, making amputation necessary. The 

 term sand flea is hardly proper, as the little vermin are 

 found more frequently in clayey ground than sand, and 

 are most abundant in spots recently cleared from prime- 

 val growth, and where previously they were altogether 

 unknown. 



SECOND ORDER. 



COLEOPTERA . B E E T L E S . 



This order comprises insects having four wings, of 

 which the first pair are horn-like, seeming intended 

 more as a covering to the second pair, which are mem- 

 braneous, than for flight. The number included in 

 this order is more numerous than that of any other, and 

 they are the most remarkable among the subjects of the 

 Third Branch of the Animal Kingdom, not only for the 

 superior beauty of their bodily structure and brilliant 

 coloring, but the peculiarity of their habits. In many 

 of the classes, the palpi or suckers are so strong that 

 they are able to divide hard substances very readily. 

 The anterior portion of the body is enveloped in a solid 

 cuirass, that is very frequently found armed with prickles. 

 When the insect is in a state of repose, the membraneous 

 or inner wings are folded up under the outer shield ; but 

 when about to fly, the wing-covers are opened, and they 

 are spread forth. 



From the eggs of these beetles, which deposit them in 

 decaying animal or vegetable matter, proceed larvae. 

 These are worm-like in the first stage of their existence, 

 and termed maggots. The head is scaly, and, being car- 



