230 NATURAL HISTORY. 



and sometimes a second time, in Autumn. A pleasant 

 perfume is extracted from the flowers, and also an essence 

 which is said to relieve pain, h . 



The Dog Violet is distinguished by its paler color and 

 the entire want of odor. 



The Tri-colored Violet (Viola tricolor) has leaves 

 longist and dentated ; flowers tri-colored ; petals varied, 

 violet, blue, yellow, or white; the lower one yellow, 

 marked with seven dark purple stripes. This favorite 

 and ornamental flower grows everywhere, and, blooming 

 throughout the whole summer, may be called the pride 

 of the garden ; is known also by the names of Pansy 

 and Heart's Ease. The Germans prepare from it a 

 decoction said to be useful in purifying the blood. Q 

 and <*. 



The Dyers Weed or Weld (Roseda luteola) grows 

 everywhere, on dust heaps or by waysides; the leaves 

 are lanceolate ; flowers arranged in a long spike, stand 

 upright, and have from twenty to twenty-four stamens ; 

 cattle avoid this plant on account of its bitterness, but as 

 it yields a fine yellow dye, it is cultivated. Found in 

 Europe and the United States. 



The Mignionette (Reseda odorata) resembles the fore- 

 going ; the flowers are delightfully odoriferous, and the 

 plant itself, by no means acrid, is eagerly eaten by 

 Canary birds. Native of Egypt. Both belong to Class 

 11, L. 



THIRD DIVISION*. 



With single fruit pods, seed bearers upright in the 

 middle. 



ELEVENTH FAMILY. Genus CARYOPHYLLACE.E. Ca- 



