PLANTS. 283 



also boiled with sugar into jam, which is used in sickness 

 to produce perspiration. $ . 



The Dwarf Elder (Sambucus ebulus). More of a 

 plant than a shrub; has an erect warty stem; leaves 

 dissected, feathery; flowers reddish- white. The whole 

 plant has a most unpleasant odor, and on this account is 

 useful in driving away mice and other vermin equally 

 annoying. $ . 



The Snow Ball Guelder Rose (Viburnum opulus), 

 is a large bush found wild in the woods, or by the sides 

 of brooks in Europe, although, being ornamental, often 

 cultivated in gardens. Leaves three or five lobed, pointed 

 and toothed ; flowers snow-white, and arranged in spheres 

 or orbicular clusters ; branches filled with pith ; berries 

 red, sharp, and bitter ; sought after by birds. T 2. 



The High Cranberry (V. Oxycoccus Americana) also 

 belongs to this genus. Fruit red, acid ; ripens late, re- 

 maining on the bush after the leaves have fallen, resem- 

 bles the common cranberry; sometimes substituted for 

 it. h. 



The Water Elder (Viburnum lantana), Hobble Bush, 

 American Wayfaring Tree. Leaves oval, unequally 

 notched, and, together with the stalks and branchlets, 

 covered with a ferruginous down. Berries oblong; in 

 summer, first yellow, then red ; in September black and 

 mealy : taste disagreeably sweet, and harsh ; considered 

 good in dysentery. The small twigs, hollowed out, are 

 made into stems for Turkish pipes. 



THIRTY-FOURTH FAMILY. LORANTHACE^E. Are 

 shrubby plants with knotted or tubercled stems, rooting 

 firmly as parasites upon other trees, and living upon 

 their juices. 



The Mistletoe (Viscum album). Stem forked and 



