PLANTS. 387 



fully acrid narcotic poison, creating nausea, emesis, etc., 

 spasmodic cramps and convulsions. Q- 



The Taubling (Agaricus integer) is from one to two 

 inches high and a half or quarter of an inch thick ; stem 

 smooth, slightly bent, thicker below than above, whitish, 

 running into red ; cap or umbrella closing from above, 

 concave in the middle. Is of all colors, and one to five 

 inches in diameter. Leaf white or of a pale foul yellow. 

 The young boletii are tender, the old hard and inedible. 

 Found everywhere in Europe from August to September, 

 spring up after warm rains among moss and leaves in dry 

 places. Sometimes they can be eaten with impunity, at 

 others, however, they are very poisonous, and in their 

 effect resemble the hog mushroom. 



Darnel, also called Tare, Cockle-weed (Lolium temu- 

 lentum), plate 31, fig. 7, and in the German Schwin- 

 delhaber, because it produces intoxication, belongs to the 

 Graminaea. Flowers numerous, seated on obtuse, com- 

 pressed spikes, fringed with beards ; grows among grain, 

 particularly oats ; leaves sharp on the edges. Creates 

 giddiness of the head and a species of sleepy drunken- 

 ness, Avherefore unprincipled brewers are in the habit of 

 putting the seeds in their beer in order to increase its so- 

 porific effect. Seeds rough and black, when abundant in 

 wheat are injurious to the quality and appearance of 

 bread made from the flour. Emetics and acids, as pre- 

 viously recommended, are antidotes to its poison. O- 



Belladonna (Atropa belladonna), German Mad Apple, 

 plate 30, fig. 1, is an herbaceous plant, five to six feet 

 high ; leaves naked, ovate ; root turnip-like ; flowers 

 dull dark red, and the berries glossy black, are filled with 

 purplish-red juice and light brown seeds. Every portion 

 of this plant is poisonous in the highest degree. The 



