460 NATURAL HISTORY. 



bottoms of stagnant pools or extended moors, either in 

 foliated crystallizations or in rounded masses, and even 

 as mud. The iron yielded by bog ore is what is called 

 cold short, owing to the presence of phosphorus. Com- 

 position peroxyd of iron 85.3, water 14.7. 



Calamine Zincspath Carbonate of Zinc. Sel- 

 dom crystallized, mostly granular, compact, earthy ; 

 colorless or impure white, sometimes gray, green, brown 

 or red ; luster vitreous and pearly ; sub-transparent to 

 translucent ; turns white by burning, dissolves with 

 effervescence in nitric acid. H. = 5. G. = 4.4 to 4.5. 

 Found in calcareous rocks belonging to the latest forma- 

 tions. Occurs in Silesia, Siberia, Hungary, and Poland, 

 also in veins and beds in Pennsylvania, Missouri, Con- 

 necticut, etc., in the United States. Calamine is the 

 most important representative of the zinc ores, is em- 

 ployed for many purposes, and is of especial use in the 

 manufacture of brass. 



White Lead Ore Carbonate of Lead Ceruse. 

 Found in crystallized forms, in granular, or fibrous 

 aggregations ; luster partly resinous or greasy, partly 

 metallic, adamantine. When pure, the color is white ; 

 otherwise, gray, brown, black, green, or blue ; trans- 

 parent, sub-translucent. By burning decrepitates 

 strongly, fuses, and finally, with care, on charcoal, 

 affords a globule of lead. Effervesces in nitric acid. 

 H. = 3.0 to 3.5. G. = 6.4 to 6.6. Occurs in all the 

 lead mines or with other lead ores in Silurian slate. 

 Localities of best lead mines are in Europe, Germany, 

 Bohemia, Siberia, England and Scotland, Alston Moor, 

 United States, Perkiomen lead mines, near Philadelphia, 

 Yalle's Diggings, Missouri, and in other mines of the 

 West, Massachusetts, North Carolina, New York, etc. 



