MUSCULAR SYSTEM 



607 



with the m. propatag. longus. Frequently one or more sesamoid 

 bones are intercalated with these tendons, which shew the most 

 complicated arrangement in the Tubinares. 



Garrod devoted much labour to the elucidation of these patagial 

 muscles, regarding them as of taxonomic value. An obvious and 



Fig. i. 



Fig. 2. 



Fig-3- 



PU. 



Fig. 4. 



Fig- 5- 



Fig. 6. 



MUSCLES OF LEFT ARM. Lateral View. (After Fiirbringer.) 



Fig. 1. Anas ; 2, Columba ; 3, Phoenicophases ; 4, Upupct ; 5, Menura ; 6, Cyanocorax. 



D, m. deltoides major ; D.pt. deltoid portion of m. propatagialis ; L.d. in. latissimus dorsi 



(portion); Pt.b. and Pt.l. mm. propatagialis brevis and m. longus ; T, m. triceps. 



(The m. biceps with its slip to the m. propatagialis is black.) 



constant character is the presence or absence of a slip from the m. 

 biceps to the tendon of the m. propatag. longus, and its value may 

 be judged from the following lists : 



Present Gallinte (excl. Craddse), Columbse, Limicolse, Laridse, Al- 

 tidze, Rallidse, Grues, Tubinares, Colymbidse, Podidpedidse, Plialacrocorax, 

 Plotus, Sula, Anseres, Phcenicopterus, Platalea, Caprimulgidse, Colius. 



Absent Ratitte, Tinamidse, Turnices, Cracidse, Otis, Cariama, 

 Spheniscidse, Phaethon, Fregata, Pelicanus, Palamedea, Herodii, Pelargi, 

 Accipitres, Psittaci y Striges, Picarise (excl. Caprimulgidse), Steatornis, 

 Pici, Passeres. 



M. metapatagialis, formed by slips from the m. serratus super- 

 fidalis and m. latissimus darsi, and with the addition of the 

 m. expansor secundariorum extending by its tendons the posterior 

 patagium or fold of skin between the trunk and the inner surface 

 of the upper arm. The sem^ws-portion comes from the ribs and is 



