650 



ODONTORNITHES 



Geol. Soc. xxxii. p. 496) referred Hesperornis to the " Nafatores." 

 In 1881, M. Dollo (Bull. sc. Depart, du Nord, ser. 2, iv. p. 300) pro- 



Fig. 2. MANDIBLE OF HESPERORNIS. (As before, after Marsh.) 



nounced it to be "une autruche carnivore aquatique." This notion 

 was popularized in 1884 by Prof. Wiedersheim (Biolog. CentralU. 

 ii. p. 690), while Prof. Dames in the same year (Palseontol. Abhandl. 

 ii. pt. 3) took much the same view, as did also (though in a different 



Fig. 3. STERNAL APPARATUS OF HESPERORNIS. (As before, after Marsh.) 

 c coracoid ; /, furcula ; h, humerus ; s, scapula ; st. sternum. 



fashion) an author in the Encyclopedia Britannica (ed. 9, xviii. pp. 

 43, 44), and Prof, von Zittel (Handb. Palseozool. Abth. I, iii. 

 pp. 826, 834). Almost simultaneously, however, Prof. Vetter 

 (Festschr. der G-es. Isis in Dresden, 1885, p. 109) explained Hesper- 



Fig. 4. PELVIS OF HESPERORNIS. (As before, after Marsh.) 

 a, acetabulum ; il. ilium ; is. ischium ; p, pectineal process ; p', os pubis. 



ornis as a Carinate Bird, exclusively adapted to aquatic life, and 

 having no affinity to the Batite, though since he regarded these last 

 as reduced Carinate its mutual relation to the Ratitaz was obvious, 

 and people began to confound them, speaking almost in M. Polio's 



