7 o6 



PENGUIN 



be effected. Incapable of escape by flight, they are yet able to 

 make enough resistance or retaliation (for they bite hard when they 

 get the chance) to excite the wrath of their murderers, and this only 

 brings upon them greater destruction, so that the interest of nearly 



KING-PENGUIN. (From living example in the Zoological Gardens.) 



all the numerous accounts of these " rookeries " is spoilt by the 

 disgusting details of the brutal havoc perpetrated upon them (cf. 

 JOHNNY). 



The Spheniscidze have been divided into at least eight genera, 

 but three, or at most four, seem to be all that are needed, and three 

 can be well distinguished, as pointed out by Dr. Coues (Proc. Ac. N. 

 Sc. Philad. 1872, pp. 170-212), by anatomical as well as by external 

 characters. They are (1) Aptenodytes, easily recognized by its long 

 and thin bill, slightly decurved, from which Pygoscelis, as Prof. 

 Watson has shewn, is hardly distinguishable ; (2) Eudyptes, in which 

 the bill is much shorter and somewhat broad ; and (3) Spheniscus, in 

 which the shortish bill is compressed and the maxilla ends in a 

 conspicuous hook. Aptenodytes contains the largest species, among 

 them those known as the " Emperor " and " King " Penguins, A. 

 patagonica and A. longirostris. 1 Three others belong also to this 

 1 Some authorities (cf. Sclater, Ibis, 1888, pp. 325-334) prefer calling these 

 species A. forsteri and A. pennanti. An example of the former, weighing 78 

 pounds, was, according to Dr. M'Cormick (Voyages of Discovery, i. p. 259), 

 obtained by the 'Terror ' in January 1842. 



