BITTER BLACKBIRD. 19 



provincial name for the species. Bittor and Bittoun are 

 also cited as former variants by Nelson and Clarke. 



BLACK-AND-BLUE TITMOUSE : The BLUE TITMOUSE. (Rutty.) 



BLACK-AND-WHITE AVOCET. Macgillivray's name for the 

 AVOOET. 



BLACK-AND-WHITE DABCHECK : The SLAVONIAN GREBE. 

 Occurs in Edwards as " Black and White Dobchick." 



BLACK-AND-WHITE DIVER : The SMEW. 



BLACK-AND-WHITE FLIGHTER : The AVOCET. 



BLACK-AND-WHITE GULL: The GREAT BLACK-BACKED 

 GULL. (Yorkshire.) 



BLACK-AND-WHITE WAGTAIL : The PIED WAGTAIL. (York- 

 shire.) 



BLACK-AND-WHITE WOODPECKER: The GREAT SPOTTED 

 WOODPECKER. (Norfolk. ) 



BLACK-BACKED EIDER. Macgillivray's name for the KING 

 EIDER. 



BLACK-BACKED FALCON. The PEREGRINE FALCON. 



BLACK-BACKED GULL or BLACK-BACK : The GREAT BLACK- 

 BACKED GULL; Black-back is a common Yorkshire 

 name. 



BLACK-BACKED HANNOCK : The GREAT BLACK-BACKED 

 GULL. (Bridlington.) 



BLACK-BELLIED DIPPER. See DIPPER. 



BLACKBERRY-EATER : The STONECHAT. (Merrett.) 



BLACK-BILLED AUK : The RAZORBILL (in winter). A name 

 first given by Pennant (1766) to a supposed distinct species 

 of Razorbill, which Latham united with the latter species, 

 considering it to be the young. 



BLACK-BILLED CUCKOO [No. 217, The American Black- 

 billed Cuckoo.] An American species which has occurred 

 once in the British Islands. 



BLACK-BILLED EGRET. Macgillivrav's name for a supposed 

 variety of the GREAT WHITE "HERON (the East Lothian 

 example, June 9th, 1840). 



BLACKBIRD. [No. 164.] From A.Sax. bloc, &foec=black, and 

 A.Sax. brid, a bird. It occurs in Dame Berners' " Boke of 

 St. Albans' " (1486) as " black bride " ; in Turner (1544) 

 as " blak byrd " and " blak osel " : in Merrett (1667) as 

 " black-bird " and " black ousle " ;' in Willughby (1678) 

 as the " Common Blackbird." Bewick (1st ed.) calls it 

 " Black Ouzel." It is also called in literature the " merle." 

 Strange to say, although one of the commonest of our birds, 



c2 



