A P A 



[30] 



A P H 



liferous veins in primitive rocks in 

 Sweden, and in the mountains of 

 Hanover, Dauphiny, Hungary, 

 Brazil, and Mexico. 



ANTI'PATHES. A genus of fixed, sub- 

 dendroidal polypifers, composed of 

 a central axis, and a corticiform, 

 fugacious, and deciduous crust. The 

 axis is flattened and fixed at its 

 base ; it is caulescent, subramose, 

 horny, solid, flexible, rather fragile, 

 and mostly set with small spines. 

 According to Parkinson, seventeen 

 species have been distinguished. 



AN'TIPODE. (aimVoSes, Gr. antipode, 

 Pr. antipodi, It.) Although this 

 word is occasionally, and with 

 propriety, used in the singular, 

 yet it is more commonly used in 

 the plural number ; antipodes. 



Those people who, from their 

 situation on the globe, have their 

 feet opposed directly to each other. 



AN'TIQTTATED. In conchology, longi- 

 tudinally furrowed, but interrupted 

 by transverse furrows, as if the 

 shell had acquired new growth at 

 each furrow. 



A'NTRTJM:. (antrum, Lat. antre, Pr. 

 antro, It.) 



1 . A cavern ; a cave ; a den. 



2. The maxillary sinus, situate 

 above the molar teeth of the upper 

 jaw. 



A'NUS. (anus, Lat. anus, Pr. cmo, It.) 



1. The termination downwards of 

 the intestinal canal. 



2. In conchology, a depression on 

 the posterior side near the hinge of 

 bivalves. 



AO'RTA. (aopr^, Gr. aorte, Pr. aorta, 

 It.) The principal artery of the 

 body, which arises from the left 

 ventricle of the heart. 



A'PATITE. A genus of calcareous and 

 brittle earths, composed of lime 

 55-75 and phosphoric acid 44'25. 

 Apatites are white, green, blue, 

 red, brown, and yellow; they 

 occur both crystallized and massive; 

 Practure conchoidal and uneven; 

 lustre resinous. Specific gravity 



3*1. The crystals are six-sided 

 prisms, low, and sometimes passing 

 into the six-sided table. One set 

 of varieties, in which the cleavage 

 is very distinct, is named foliated 

 apatite; another, in which the 

 fracture is conchoidal, is called 

 conchoidal apatite ; and such vari- 

 eties as display an uneven fracture 

 have obtained the name of phos- 

 phorite. The crystallized variety 

 is found, extremely beautiful, in 

 Devon and Cornwall. 

 A'PENNINES. (Apenninus, Lat.) A 

 chain of mountains extending 

 through Italy. What now con- 

 stitutes the central calcareous chain 

 of the Apennines must for a long 

 time have been a narrow ridgy 

 peninsula, branching off, at its 

 northern extremity, from the Alps 

 near Savona. This peninsula was 

 afterwards raised from one to two 

 thousand feet, by which movement 

 the ancient shores, and, for a cer- 

 tain extent, the bed of the con- 

 tiguous sea, were laid dry, both on 

 the side of the Mediterranean and 

 the Adriatic. Lyell. 

 APE'TAL^. In botany, an order of 

 plants belonging to the class Exo- 

 gens. Apetalse are divided into 

 Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. 

 APE'TALOUS. (from a, priv. and 

 TreTaXoj/, a flower-leaf, or petal, 

 Gr.) Without flower-leaves, or 

 petals ; not having petals. 

 APE'TALOUSNESS. The state of being 



without flower-leaves, or petals. 

 A'PEX. (Lat.) The tip or point of 

 any thing; the highest point of a 

 hill or mountain. This word 

 makes apices in the plural, and not 

 apexes. 



A'PHANITE. (from a, priv. and <fraivta, 

 Gr., luceo.) A mineral, a variety 

 of amphibole. 



A'PHIS. Plural, aphides. The pu- 

 ceron, or plant-louse. Class Insecta, 

 order Hemiptera. The numerous 

 tribes of this family of insects are 

 most annoying to the florist, and 



