CHI 



[87] 



C H L 



the pits has the appearance and 

 consistence of mortar : it contains 

 numerous grains of quartz, which 

 are disseminated through it in the 

 same manner as in granite. In some 

 parts the clay is stained of a rusty 

 colour, from the presence of veins, 

 and imhedded portions of shorl 

 and quartz. By a process of 

 washing and mixing with water, 

 the china clay is freed from all 

 extraneous matters, and is then 

 allowed to subside ; it is afterwards 

 cut into pieces, thoroughly dried, 

 packed in casks, and shipped for 

 the potteries. The quantity ex- 

 ported from Cornwall exceeds 7,000 

 tons a-year. China clay contains 

 no alkali and is consequently wholly 

 without felspar. 



CHINA STONE." A kind of granite, 

 (containing talc, hut wholly desti- 

 tute of mica), the felspar of which 

 has undergone a partial decompo- 

 sition. It has obtained its name 

 from being employed in the 

 manufacture of English china. 

 Many thousand tons are annually 

 shipped from Cornwall for the 

 potteries. 



CHINE. A narrow ravine with 

 vertical sides. These are numerous 

 in the Isle of "Wight, and are 

 objects of curiosity and admiration, 

 being sometimes of great depth. 

 The word chine appears to be 

 synonymous with^w%. In Hamp- 

 shire, and in the Isle of Wight, 

 the chasms through which the 

 rivulets empty themselves into the 

 sea, are commonly termed chines ; 

 thus we have Shanklin Chine, 

 Blackgang Chine, &c. 



CHIBOTHE'BTUM. A name proposed to 

 be given by Professor Kaup to the 

 great unknown animal whose 

 footsteps have been discovered in 

 beds of red sandstone. These 

 footsteps are beautifully figured in 

 Professor Buckland's Bridgewater 

 Treatise. The name proposed by 

 Kaup is on account of a distant 



resemblance, both of the fore and 

 hind feet, to the impression of a 

 human hand. 



These impressions of feet are 

 partly hollow, and partly in relief ; 

 all the depressions are upon the 

 upper surfaces of slabs or sand- 

 stone, while the reliefs are only 

 upon the lower surfaces, covering 

 those which bear the depressions. 

 These footsteps follow one another 

 in pairs, at intervals of fourteen 

 inches, from pair to pair, each pair 

 being in the same line. Both large 

 and small steps, have the great- toes 

 alternately on the left and right 

 side; each has the print of five 

 toes, and the first, or great-toe, is 

 bent inwards like a thumb. The 

 fore and hind foot resemble each 

 other in form, though they differ 

 greatly in size. 



CHI'TON. (from x i v, Gr.) An 

 oval convex, multivalved shell, 

 having eight arcuated valves, partly 

 lying over each other in a row 

 across the back of the animal. The 

 chiton is found both fossil and recent; 

 recent, attached to rocks in the 

 southern seas; fossil, at Grignon. 

 The animal inhabiting the shell, a 

 Doris. In Turton's Linne, twenty- 

 eight species of chitons are de- 

 scribed, seven of which have been 

 found in the seas of our coasts. 



CHLAMI'PHOEUS. (from xXay&vs, and 

 06/3H?, Gr.) The name it pos- 

 sesses has been given to this 

 animal from its being cased in a 

 coat of armour. The chlamyphorus 

 and armadillo are the only known 

 animals that have a compact coat 

 of plated armour. The chlamy- 

 phorus lives almost entirely in 

 burrows beneath the surface of 

 sandy plains; its scales are of a 

 dense substance, resembling hard 

 leather. 



CHLOEINE. (from x\ay>o9, green, Gr.) 

 A yellowish-green coloured gas, of 

 a pungent smell, and most injurious 

 to respiration. Chlorine was dis- 



