C I D 



[90] 



C I M 



at that temperature loses its trans- 

 parency, and becomes of a dark 

 grey. With borax it melts, with- 

 out effervescence, into a transparent 

 glass of a light green colour. The 

 chrysolites of commerce come from 

 Upper Egypt and the Brazils; they 

 are also found in Ceylon, in South 

 America, and in Bohemia. The 

 variety called Olivine is met with 

 in Scotland ; of this the colour is 

 olive-green. According to the 

 analysis of Klaproth, chrysolite 

 consists of magnesia 43, silica 38, 

 oxide of iron 19. 



CHRY'SOPRASE. (from x/>v<ro9, gold, 

 and prasinm, green; chrysoprase, 

 Fr. Pierre precieuse d'un vert clair 

 meU d'une nuance de jaune.J A 

 precious stone of an apple-green 

 colour. It is a variety or sub- 

 species of calcedony. It owes its 

 colour to the presence of the metals 

 nickel and iron, in small quantities. 

 It is found in different parts of 

 Germany, particularly in Silesia. 

 It is always amorphous, and posses- 

 ses but little lustre. It consists of 9 6 

 per cent, silica, 1 per cent, oxide 

 of nickel, with a trace of iron, 

 alumina, lime, and magnesia. 



CHTJSITE. A mineral discovered by 

 Saussure in the cavities of porphy- 

 ritic rocks near Limbourg, and in 

 Switzerland. 



CICATRICE. ] (cicatrix, Lat. cicatrix, 



CI'CATRIX. j Fr. cicatrice, It. 



1. The scar remaining after a wound. 



2. In conchology, the glossy im- 

 pression in the inside of the valves, 

 to which the muscles of the animal 

 have been affixed. 



CI'DARIS. (cidaris, Lat.) A family 

 of echinites, characterized by being 

 hemispherical, globular, or sub- 

 oval ; with porous ambulacra, di- 

 verging equally on all sides, from 

 the vent to the mouth ; vent 

 vertical ; mouth beneath, and 

 central. The name cidaris has 

 been given to them from their 

 supposed resemblance to turbans. 



From other characters, derived 

 from their spines, they have ob- 

 tained the names of sea-urchins, 

 sea-hedgehogs, sea- thistles, &c., 

 and those in a petrified state have 

 obtained various names, according 

 to the particular, fanciful, and 

 erroneous notions which have been 

 entertained respecting their origin. 

 Thus, they were called ombria, 

 from ojappos, Gr. signifying the 

 heavy rain, in which it was sup- 

 posed they fell ; brontia, from 

 fipovrjj, from an idea that they 

 were thrown to the earth by 

 thunder; ceraunii lapides, from 

 Kepawos, under an impression that 

 they were formed in the air and 

 generated by lightning ; chelonites, 

 from their resemblance to the shells 

 of the tortoise; and ova anguina, 

 from their being supposed to be the 

 eggs of serpents. Parkinson. 



The species are numerous; eigh- 

 teen species are described as occur- 

 ring in the oolite, and nine in the 

 chalk formation. 

 CI'LIA. (from cilium, Lat.) 



1. The eye-lash. 



2. Hair-like vibratile organs. The 

 organs of motion in the radiated 

 animals. The cilia resemble very 

 minute hairs, and are only visible 

 with the microscope. In the 

 simpler forms of animals, the cilia 

 are the organs for motion, respira- 

 tion, and the obtaining of food. 

 Dr. Grant has calculated four 

 hundred millions of them on a 

 single flustra foliacea. 



CI'LIATED. Fringed, or edged, with 

 parallel hair, bristles, or appen- 

 dages; occupied with short stiff 

 hairs. 



CTMOLIO'RNIS. (from KipwXia, chalk, 

 and opvi9, a bird, Gr.) The name 

 assigned to a fossil bird found in 

 the chalk formation. 



CIMOLITE. (So named from its 

 abounding in the island of Cimolia, 

 now called Argentiera, in the 

 Mediterranean.) A clay of a light 



