C I P 



[91 ] 



C L A 



greyish- white, which, by exposure 

 to the air, becomes of a reddish 

 colour. It occurs massive, and 

 exhibits a somewhat slaty texture. 

 It consists of silex 63, alumine 23, 

 water 12, aad oxide of iron 1-25. 

 It was highly prized as a medicine 

 by the ancients. It is opaque, 

 dull, and has an earthy fracture. 

 Though somewhat difficult to break, 

 it receives an impression from the 

 nail. It adheres to the tongue. 

 Specific gravity 2. 



CfNNABAE. (from Kiwafiapt, Gr. 

 cinabre, Er. cindbro. It.) The 

 mercure sulphure of Haiiy. Native 

 cinnabar is a red, heavy, sulphureous 

 ore of quicksilver, the principal 

 mines of which are at Idria in 

 Carinthia, and at Almaden in Spain. 

 Cinnabar is called "ore of mercury," 

 since from it mercury is obtained. 

 Before the blow-pipe, it is infusible 

 without addition, but loses its color, 

 and becomes opaque. Specific gra- 

 vity from 2-60 to 3 25. 



CI'NNAMON-STONE. (The Kanelstein, 

 or Kaneelstein, of Werner; Hiacint 

 of Mohs ; Essonite of Haiiy.) So 

 named from the resemblance of its 

 colour to that of cinnamon. Cinna- 

 mon-stone has been hitherto found 

 in masses only, full of fissures, and 

 in grains in the mud of rivers. It 

 is transparent, or only translucent ; 

 scratches quartz with difficulty. 

 Fracture imperfectly conchoidal, 

 with small cavities, and shining. 

 Specific gravity 3*60. Before the 

 blow-pipe, it fuses into a brownish- 

 black enamel. When cut, it has 

 rather a greasy feel. The Roman- 

 zovite of Nordenskiold is considered 

 to be a variety of cinnamon-stone. 

 A blood-red, or hyacinth-red, variety 

 of the dodecahedral garnet. It 

 consists of silica, alumina, lime, 

 and oxide of iron. The finest 

 specimens are brought from Ceylon, 

 where it is found in the sand of the 

 rivers. It is also called Essonite. 



CIPOLI'NO. A granular limestone, 

 containing mica, 



CI'EEHOPOD. (from cirrus, Lat. and 

 TOUS, Gr.) The cirrhopods, or 

 cirrhopoda, like theentomostraceous 

 Crustacea, are articulated animals, 

 enclosed in shells like those of 

 mollusca, so that they present both 

 forms of the skeleton. The cirr- 

 hopods are almost always enclosed 

 in multivalve shells, secreted from 

 the outer surface of a fleshy, thin, 

 enveloping, mantle, and are attached 

 to submarine bodies either directly, 

 by their base, or by means of a 

 fleshy tubular peduncle. The bar- 

 nacle is an example of the cirr- 

 hopoda. In Cuvier's arrangement 

 the cirrhopoda form the sixth class 

 of Mollusca. Linnseus comprised 

 them all in one genus, Lepas; they 

 have since been divided into two, 

 and again, by others, subdivided. 

 Prof. Grant places the cirrhopoda 

 in the sub-kingdom diplo-neura or 

 helminthoida. He thus describes 

 them, " aquatic, sub-articulated, 

 diploneurose animals, with nu- 

 merous lateral articulated cirrhi, 

 distinct branchiaB for respiration, a 

 pulsating dorsal vessel for circula- 

 tion, body covered with a fleshy 

 mantle and fixed inverted in a 

 sessile or pedunculated multivalve 

 shell." 



C'EEIPEDE. An annulose, articulated, 

 animal without jointed feet. Cirr- 

 ipedes are found only in the upper 

 secondary, and in tertiary deposits. 



CIEEIPED'IA. The sixth order of the 

 class Crustacea. 



CI'REUS. (cirrus, Lat.) A genus 

 of fossil spiral shells of the chalk 

 deposit. This genus bears great 

 resemblance to trochus, from which, 

 however, it may be distinguished 

 by its deep funnel-shaped umbilicus. 



CLADO'DUS. The name assigned by 

 Agassiz to an ichthyolite of the 

 old red sandstone formation. 



CLATHEA'EIA LYE'LLII. (described in 

 the Geological Transactions as 

 Clathraria anomala.) A fossil 

 plant discovered by Dr. ManteM, 

 and thus named by him in honour 



