CON 



[103] 



COP 



CO'NITE. An ash-coloured mineral, 

 becoming brown by exposure to 

 the atmosphere. 



CONJUGATE, (conjugatus, Lat.) A 

 pinnate leaf having only one pair 

 of leaflets; leaves that consist of 

 one pair of pinnse or leaflets. 



CO'NNATE. (connatum, Lat.) Applied 

 to leaves, when two leaves are so 

 united at their base as to have the 

 appearance of one leaf. 



CO'NOID. (from KWVOS and e%o?, Gr.) 

 Resembling a cone in form ; sugar- 

 loaf shaped. 



CONO'VTJLTJS. A genus of fossil ovate 

 pyramidal univalves occurring in 

 the Suffolk Crag, and formerly 

 attributed to Auricula. 



CONTEMPORANEITY, (contemporaneity 

 Pr.) The state of being contempo- 

 rary with. "It becomes a very 

 curious problem to determine what 

 are the lines of contemporaneity in 

 the oolitic system." Phillips. 



CONULA'EIA. A genus of orthocerata, 

 of a conical shape, and polythala- 

 mous, the transverse septa being 

 imperforate. The conularia has 

 no siphon, and in this character 

 differs from orthoceras. 



CO'NTTLTTS. A genus of echinites ; in 

 it are contained those which rise 

 from a circular base into a cone, 

 (from which form they obtain 

 their name,) with an acute or 

 obtuse vertex, from which five 

 pairs of punctated or crenulated 

 lines, or ambulacra, pass ; dividing 

 the shell into five large and five 

 small arese, that in which the anus 

 is placed being rather the largest. 

 All the species which constitute 

 the genus are known only as fossils, 

 and are distinguished by the modi- 

 fication of their form. 



CO'NTJS. (*aui/o5, Gr. conns, Lat.) 

 Animal, a Limax ; shell univalve, 

 convolute, turbinate; aperture ef- 

 fuse, longitudinal, linear, without 

 teeth, entire at the base; pillar 

 smooth, This genus is divided by 

 some into five families. The recent 



conus is an inhabitant of the ocean, 

 and is generally found on rocky 

 shores. Some of the shells are 

 very beautiful, and are both rare 

 and valuable; one species, the 

 cedo nulli, is valued at one hundred 

 guineas. The conus does not in- 

 habit our seas. 

 COOMB. 



COOMBE. 



CO'PPEE. (cuprum, Lat. kupfer, Germ. 

 hoper, Dutch. The word is derived 

 from the island of Cyprus, where it 

 was first wrought.) When pure, 

 copper is of a red colour; its 

 specific gravity is from 8*6 to 8*9, 

 or nearly nine times as heavy as 

 water. Copper is found in primary 

 and secondary rocks, and is often 

 native, i. e. in a pure metallic 

 state ; it is also found crystallized. 

 In smell and taste copper is exces- 

 sively nauseous. It is very mal- 

 leable, next so in degree after 

 gold and silver, and can be ham- 

 mered out into extremely thin 

 leaves, so thin as to be blown 

 about by the slightest breeze. 

 In ductility it ranks after gold, 

 silver, platinum, and iron; while 

 in tenacity it yields only to iron. 

 A copper wire one-tenth of an inch 

 in diameter will sustain a weight 

 of 385 Ibs. Copper is the most 

 sonorous of all metals : its fusing 

 point is 1450 Pah., and it can be 

 volatilized by an increased tempe- 

 rature; when allowed to cool 

 slowly, it assumes a crystalline 

 form. At common temperatures, 

 copper is not acted on by water, 

 but, if long exposed to the action 

 of the atmosphere and moisture, it 

 oxidizes; as it does in the air 

 alone, if heated to redness. It 

 combines with oxygen in two 

 proportions. Copper admits of a 

 greater degree of condensation by 

 hammering than any other metal. 

 Copper has been known from the 

 earliest ages. As stated before, it 

 occurs frequently in the native 



