DUG 



[ 146] 



E A K 



Dudley fossil in consequence of its 

 being found in such great abun- 

 dance in the neighbourhood of 

 Dudley; it is however by no 

 means confined to that locality, 

 but is met with over a considerable 

 area through England, Germany, 

 Sweden, and North America. 

 DTTG. The teat or nipple. 

 DtfGONG. A species of phytophagous, 



or herbivorous, cetacea. 

 DUJSTE. By geological writers, this 

 word is used to signify a low hill, 

 or bank, of drifted sand, and in no 

 respect is synonymous with down, 

 as might be inferred from Todd and 

 "Webster. The downs, both north 

 and south, are very extensive ranges 

 of chalk hills, principally covered 

 with short grass, affording excellent 

 herbage for sheep, whereas dunes 

 are banks of drifted sand, scarcely 

 of sufficient heights to be ranked as 

 hills. 



DUODE'NTJM. (duodenum, Lat. duode- 

 num, Fr.) The first of the small 

 intestines, immediately adjoining 

 the stomach, and called duodenum 

 from its length, supposed to be 

 twelve inches. 



DUST. In botany, the pollen of the 

 anther. The pollen or dust is con- 

 tained in the anther. In dry and 

 warm weather the anther contracts 

 and bursts, when the pollen is 

 thrown out. It is found, from 

 microscopic examination, that each 



particle of dust is generally a mem- 

 branous bag, either round or an- 

 gular, smooth or rough, which on 

 meeting with any moisture instantly 

 bursts and discharges a subtile va- 

 pour. To the perfecting the seeds 

 of plants, it is necessary that the 

 pistil, or female organ, be impreg- 

 nated by the pollen of the anther ; 

 the fluid contained in the pollen, 

 when the anther bursts, penetrates 

 the stigma, and is conveyed to the 

 seeds, whereby they are rendered 

 fertile, or endued with the property 

 of growing, and producing a plant 

 resembling the parent one. 



DYKE. See Dike. 



DYNAMICS. (from Swapis, force, 

 power, Gr.) That branch of 

 mechanical science which treats 

 of moving powers, and of the 

 action of forces on solid bodies, 

 when the result of that action is 

 motion. 



DYNAMICS GEOLOGICAL. These include 

 the nature and mode of operation 

 of all kinds of physical agents, that 

 have at any time and in any manner, 

 affected the surface and interior of 

 the earth. uckland's Bridgewater 

 Treatise. 



DYSO'DILE. (from dvawfy?, graviter 

 olens, fotidus, Gr.) A mineral of a 

 greenish colour found near Syracuse, 

 which burns like coal, but gives 

 out during its combustion a most 

 intolerable odour. 



E 



EA'GLE- STONE, Called also setites. A 

 variety of argillaceous iron ore, of 

 a nodular form, something resem- 

 bling a kidney in shape, and con- 

 taining a sort of loose kernel. It 

 obtained its name from a supposition 

 that it was either found in, or had 

 dropped from, the nests of eagles. 



EABTH'S CBTJST. That portion of our 

 planet which is accessible to our 

 observation and inspection. 



" It comprises," says Sir C 

 Lyell, " not merely all of which the 

 structure is laid open in mountain 

 precipices, or in the cliffs over- 

 hanging a river, or the sea, or 



