PET 



[351 ] 



P H 



cation of their nearest affinity with 

 genera existing at the present 

 period." 



PETROSI'LEX. A fusible variety of 

 hornstone ; according to some au- 

 thors, the same as clinkstone; to 

 others, compact felspar. 

 PETTJ'NSE. | The felspathe petuntze 

 PETU'NTZE. > of Brongniart. A 

 PETU'NZE. ) variety of felspar, used 

 in the manufacture of porcelain. 

 It is called Petuntze by the Chinese. 

 PE'T WORTH MA'RBLE. Called also Sus- 

 sex marble, occurs in layers varying 

 from a few inches to a foot and 

 upwards in thickness, separated 

 from each other by seams of clay. 

 The Petworth or Sussex marble is 

 a limestone of various shades of 

 colour, occurring in the Weald 

 clay; it is composed of the remains 

 of fresh-water univalves, shells of 

 the paludina, and crusts of the 

 cypris faba, united into a compact 

 marble by a gangue of calcareous 

 cement. The more compact varie- 

 ties bear a beautiful polish, and are 

 elegantly marked, when cut into 

 slabs, by the section of the con- 

 tained shells. 



PHA'COPS. A genus of fossils found 

 in the Silurian rocks, of which 

 there are many species. 

 PHANEROGA'MIC. ) (from (fravepos, 

 PHANEROGA'MOUS. j manifest, and 

 fya/>?, marriage, Gr.) Plants in 

 which the stamens and ovarium are 

 distinctly visible ; plants having 

 the reproductive organs visible. 

 In all the phanerogamous plants, the 

 whole of the double apparatus re- 

 quired for reproduction is contained 

 in the flower. The term is used 

 in contra- distinction to crypto- 

 yamous. 

 PHARMA'COLITE. The name given by 



Brochant to arseniate of lime. 



PHASCOLOTHE'RE. | An extinct genus 



PHACOLOTHE'RIUM. ) of entomopha- 



gous marsupials, discovered in the 



Stonesfield slate. I am indebted to 



my friend, Mr. Lycett, of Minchin- 



hampton, for the following obser- 

 vations : In remarking upon the 

 little Marsupial Mammal Phascolo- 

 theriumBucldandi, portions of which 

 have occurred in the great oolite of 

 Stonesfield, Oxon, Hugh Miller 

 speculates upon the possibility of 

 there having existed along with 

 them extinct species of Thylacinas 

 and Dasyurus, (two recent genera 

 of Australian carnivorous Marsu- 

 pials) being led to such a train of 

 thought by the analogy which the 

 fauna and flora of recent Australia 

 presents to those of the ancient oolitic 

 formations, but no fossil Thylacin us 

 or Dasyurus has been found in 

 Britain. Bones of extinct species 

 of Dasyurus, Macropus, Phasco- 

 lomys, Phalangista, Diprotodon, 

 (N. G. Owen) and Hypsiprymnus 

 were collected in the bone caves of 

 Wellington Yalley, Australia, by 

 the late Sir Thomas Mitchell. 



PHASIANE'LLA. (from phasianus, Lat. 

 a pheasant.) A genus of shells 

 belonging to the family Trochoida ; 

 or, according to Lamarck's arrange- 

 ment, Turbinacea. It is a solid 

 ovate or conical univalve ; opening 

 longitudinal, ovate, and entire ; lip 

 thin ; columella smooth, with an 

 attenuated base. Recent phasia- 

 nellae are inhabitants of the Indian 

 ocean ; they are found on the coasts 

 and in estuaries, at small depths 

 only. 



PHI'LLIPSITE. A mineral, found ac- 

 companying Herschelite. It is a 

 species of Harmotome or cross- 

 stone, containing lime and potash 

 instead of baryta. 



PHO'LAS. (0w\as, from <j)w\etD, Gr. 

 to lie concealed.) A genus of 

 marine bivalves, belonging to the 

 family Inclusa ; or, according to 

 Lamarck's arrangement, the family 

 Pholadaria. A transverse gaping 

 shell, composed of two principal 

 valves, with several small accessory 

 pieces placed on the ligament, or at 

 the hinge. A long curved tooth 



