BUT 



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SAL 



RU'TILE. Red oxide of titanium. 

 The titane oxyde, of Hau'y ; titane 

 ruthil of Brongniart ; rutil of 

 "Werner; peritomes titan-erz of 

 Mohs. A brown, red, yellow, and 

 sometimes nearly velvet-black ore. 

 Occurs regularly crystallised, mas- 

 sive, disseminated, in angular 

 grains, and in flakes. External 



lustre considerable, and sometimes 

 metallic. Opaque or translucent. 

 Scratches glass. Specific gravity 

 = 4-2 to 4-4. It is infusible 

 before the blow- pipe unless a flux be 

 employed. It is found in Scotland, 

 in the granite of Cairngorm. 

 RYA'KOLITE. A name given to glassy 

 felspar. 



SACCHA'BINE LIMESTONE. "When lime- 

 stone is fine-grained and regular, 

 it resembles the crystalline struc- 

 ture of loaf sugar; it is hence 

 called saccharine limestone, or 

 marble. 



SA'CCIIAEOID. (from ad/c^ap, sugar, 

 and etos, form, Gr.) Resembling 

 white, loaf, or crystallized sugar. 

 A term applied to rocks which 

 have a texture resembling that of 

 loaf-sugar. 



SA'CBUM. (Lat.) The bone which 

 forms the basis of the vertebral 

 column. 



SADDLE-SHAPED STRATA. "When strata 

 are bent on each side of a mountain, 

 without being broken at the top, 

 they are called saddle-shaped. 



SA'GENITE. Another name for rutile, 

 or red oxide of titanium. 



SAGI'TTATE. (from sagittatus, Lat.) 

 Arrow-shaped. 



SAH'LBANDE. } By this word is under- 



SAALB'aNDE. ) stood a slip or band 

 interposed between the veins and 

 the rock which forms the body of 

 the mountain. The saalbande is 

 generally of a different nature from 

 the substance to which it is con- 

 tiguous. It is not found in all 

 veins, and those from which it is 

 absent are said to be adherent. The 

 term saalbande, for which we have 

 no corresponding scientific expres- 



sion, is frequently denominated in 

 some of the mining districts of this 

 country, pasting or sticking. Geo- 

 logical Transactions. 



SA'HLITE. (The sahlit of Werner: 

 the malacolith of Brongniart.) A 

 variety of augite, discovered in a 

 silver mine at Sahla, in Sweden, 

 from which it takes its name. It 

 is of a green or greenish-grey 

 colour of various shades. It occurs 

 in straight, lamellar, and granular 

 concretions sometimes crystallized 

 with a shining, vitreous, or pearly 

 lustre; translucent at the edges. 

 It is soft to the touch, scarcely 

 scratches glass, and is easily 

 scratched by a knife. Specific 

 gravity 3 '2. Before the blow- pipe 

 it melts, with some ebullition, into 

 a porous glass. It consists of silica 

 53, magnesia 19, lime 20, alumina 

 3, iron and manganese 4. 



SALAMA'NDEE. (<ra\a / aai'/>a, Gr. sala- 

 mandra, Lat.) A genus of reptiles 

 belonging to the order Batrachia. 

 The salamander possessses the ge- 

 neral form of the lizard, and is 

 placed by LinnaBus among the 

 lizards ; but its characters are those 

 of the Batrachians. Its body is 

 elongated ; it has four feet, and a 

 long tail. When arrived at an 

 adult state, its respiration is per- 

 formed in the same manner as in 



