STY 



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sue 



In volcanic regions stufas are by 

 no means uncommon. The name 

 is taken from the Italians, who 

 thus apply it. 



STYLE, (stylus, Lat.) In botany, 

 that part of the pistil which ele- 

 vates the stigma above the germen. 

 The style is not absolutely essen- 

 tial, and is sometimes wanting. 

 The style is a continuation of the 

 midrib, and constitutes a portion 

 of the pistil. 



STYLI^A. The name of a genus of 

 lamellated polypifers, thus de- 

 scribed by Parkinson, "A stony 

 polypifer, formed of simple thick 

 masses echinated in the upper 

 part. Numerous cylindrical fasci- 

 cular tubes containing radiating 

 lamellae, with a solid axis ; the 

 solid styliform axes projecting be- 

 yond the tubes." 



STYTHE. The name given by the 

 colliers to fire-damp. 



SUB-A'PENNINE. A term applied 

 geologically to a series of strata, of 

 the older pliocene period. The 

 beds which have been termed sub- 

 apennine are composed of sand, 

 clay, marl, and calcareous tufa; 

 they are all tertiary deposites, and 

 abound in marine shells, of genera 

 and species which prove some of 

 them to be contemporaneous with 

 the crag deposit, and others of a 

 more ancient epoch : they rest un- 

 conformably upon the inclined beds 

 of the Apennine range. Brocchi, 

 an Italian geologist, gave to this 

 group the name it bears. The sub- 

 appenine beds have resulted from 

 the waste of the secondary rocks 

 which now form the Apennines, 

 and which had become dry land 

 before the older Pliocene beds were 

 deposited. 



SUBLIMATION, (sublimation, Fr. sub- 

 limazione, It.) That operation by 

 which solids are, by the aid of 

 heat, brought into a state of vapour, 

 and again condensed into a solid 

 form. One of the hypotheses 



proposed to explain the filling of 

 chasms in solid rocks with metallic 

 ores, is by a process of sublimation 

 from subjacent masses of intensely 

 heated mineral matter. 



SUBSE'SSILE. In botany, applied to 

 leaves having very short footstalks. 



SU'BSTANTIVE CO'LOTJES. Dr. Bancroft 

 divides colours into substantive and 

 adjective: those which he termed 

 substantive colours, communicate 

 their colour without the interven- 

 tion of some other substance : those 

 which he called adjective, require 

 the aid of a mordant or basis. 



STJBTEBPOSI'TION. The order of ar- 

 rangement in which strata or rocks 

 are placed below each other, as 

 superposition is the order in which 

 they are arranged above one 

 another. Subterposition in the 

 plutonic, like superposition in the 

 sedimentary rocks, being, for the 

 most part, characteristic of a newer 

 age. 



STJ'BTJLATE. (from subula, an awl, 

 Lat.) Awl- shaped. 



1. In botany, applied to leaves, 

 when thickest at the base, and 

 gradually tapering towards the 

 point. 



2. In conchology, applied to shells 

 tapering gradually to a point. 



3. In entomology, a long thin cone 

 softly bent throughout its whole 

 course. 



SU'CCLNITE. (from succinum, amber, 

 Lat.) A mineral of an amber- 

 yellow colour, thus named by 

 Bonvoisin. It occurs in small 

 rounded masses about the size of a 

 pea. Some mineralogists refer 

 succinite to the idocrase; others, to 

 the garnet ; by some it is deemed 

 an amorphous variety of topazolite. 



SU'CCTJLENT. (succulentus, Lat. succu- 

 lent, Fr. sug6sa, It.) Juicy ; full 

 of juice. A term applied to plants 

 with a soft and juicy stem, as 

 distinguished from those called 

 ligneous. 



SFCTO'BIA. A class of animals belong- 



