INDEX. 



445 



Kyllyngiae, the steppes covered with, 16. 

 Kynngar Pass, elevation and vegetation 

 of, 79. 



LABIAT*, 285, 286. 



Lagoon Islands, 254; hypothesis respect- 

 ing, 261. 



Lagos, elevation of, 208. 



Lake Istaca, sources and elevation of, 40. 



. Superior, its elevation, 39. 



L&khur Pass, ascent to the, 80. 



Lama, of South America, 126. 



Landscape-painters, leading forms of ve- 

 getation, instructions to, 346. 



painting, on the heauties of, as de- 

 rived from the vegetable kingdom, 346, 

 347. 



Languages, variety of, in the South 

 American wilds, 20; changes in the 

 terms of, 191; in language truth to 

 nature should be the chief object, 1 92. 



Latent life, disquisition on, 242, 243. 



Lecideje, 10, 125. 



Leguminosse, 280, 284, 285, 286. 



Lemaur, Don F., his trigonometrical 

 survey of the Bahia de Xagua, 174. 



Lepidosiren, periodic torpidity of, 243. 



Leprariae, the, 214. 



Leucopria, 213; modulata, 251. 



Lianes, or creeping plants, one of the 

 vegetable forms by which the aspect 

 of Nature is principally determined, 

 227, 331. 



Lichens, 10, 125. 



Liliacege, one of the vegetable forms by 

 which the aspect of Nature is chiefly 

 determined, 229, 341. 



Lima, observations for determining the 

 longitude of, 420, 435, 436. 



Limande, of the Orinoco, 203. 



Lions, of South America, 12; nocturnal 

 roar of, 199; not to be found in the 

 Sahara, 90. 



Lithodendra, the, 253. 



Lithophytes, the, 214, 251 et seq. 



Llanos of South America, 2; the great 

 plains of the, 7; extent of, 8; adapted 

 for breeding cattle, 10; have become 

 habitable to man, 13, 14; extension of, 

 22 ; of Caracas, 26, 27, 94 ; elevation 

 of, 27; of Barcelona, 28; effect of, 

 on the mind, 28; general observations 

 on, 29; of the valley of the Amazon, 

 83; situated in the torrid zone, 88; de 

 A pure, temperature of, 137; exten- 



sively overflowed by the Orinoco, 



185. 



Lb'ffling's expedition to Cumana, 181. 

 London's Arboretum, &c., quoted, 273. 

 Loxa, town of, 390. 

 Luminosity of sea-water, 246 ; attributed 



to Mollusca, 247 et seq. 

 Lupata, Cordilleras of, covered with eter 



nal snow, 9 ; mountain range of, 120. 

 Lyctonia, ancient land of, 266, 266. 



MACOS, race of the, 20. 



Macrocystis pyrifera, a species of marine 



tucus, colossal size of, 276. 

 Macusi Indians, religious traditions of 



the, 147. 

 Madagascar River, hedgehogs and tor- 



toises of, 242, 243. 

 Madrepores, the, 253. 

 Magdaleua River, called "The Great 



Water," by the natives, 155; valley of, 



416. 

 Magellan, straits of, the temperature of, 



107. 

 Magnetic needle, physical effects of the 



sudden variations of the, 249. 

 Mahu River, description of the, 186. 

 Majonkong Indians, mountainous country 



of the, 176, 180. 



Malvace (Mallows), one of the vege- 

 table forms by which the aspect of 



Nature is principally determined, 224 ; 



its various families, 305, 306 ; on the 



natural history of the, 306. 

 Mammalia, the ratio of their numerical 



distribution, 287, 288. 

 Man, various races of, in the South 



American wilds, 20, 142; his ferocity 



in a savage state, 20, 151; discordant 



elements of, even in civilized life, 21 ; 



everywhere is man opposed to man, 21 ; 



the monuments of his creative genius 



pass away, while the li/e-spriugs of 



Nature remain eternal, 173. 

 Manco Capac, his mysterious appearance 



in Peru, 397. 



Manimi, perilous cataract ledges of, 166. 

 Mapires, the coffins of the Indians, 171. 

 Maps, of South America, 181. 

 Maquitares, race of the, 20. 

 Mar de Sargasso, geographical situUioc 



of, 48. . 



Maranon, valley of, 402. 

 Maravaca, mountain of, 179. 

 Marmot, the, 233. 



