68 Vineyard Culture. 



the vine, the simplest and most expeditious process ; 

 giving the best results, and is the one most in vogue. 

 The kind of cutting most generally used is that 

 known under the name of u crossette " or u elbow-cut- 

 ting." In some vineyards it is also known as "capon" 

 or " hook." 



The crossette is composed of one shoot, 

 properly so called, [Fig. 5.] that is of the 

 preceding spring's growth ; it must have, 

 at its base, a small portion of wood, of 

 two years' growth, and be, altogether, 

 about sixteen inches in length. The por- 

 tion of old wood left at the end of the 

 shoot forms a sort of hook, and from this 

 has received the name of " crossette." 

 The base, or heel of the shoot, helps 

 FFiG. 5.1 greatly to form the roots. 



In the absence of crossettes, shoots, properly so called, 

 are also used ; that is, shoots without heels, 

 but provided with an eye at each end. [Fig. 6.] 

 These shoots take root as easily as the first, 

 provided the section at the base is made in the 

 middle of the thick part of the joint. 



The two kinds of cuttings just spoken of, 

 are put in nurseries, to make them take root, 

 previous to permanent transplanting. Some- 

 times they are permanently planted, without 

 [Fie. 6.] this preliminary operation. We shall point out 

 the precautions which they require, in this last case, 

 when we treat of the setting out of the vineyard. 

 Let us now show the process of making a nursery for 

 them. 



