Pruning the Vine. 147 



There is nothing more to do each year than to prune it 

 properly in the way I shall point out, under the head of 

 "-Annual Pruning of the Fruit-Stems." 



Whatever may be the mode of pruning these shoots, 

 the arms, on the ends of which they are reserved, 

 grow more or less each year. As soon as any 

 one arm becomes longer than is convenient, it must 

 at once be shortened, taking advantage, for that pur- 

 pose, of a shoot [Fig. 32] on the old wood, previously 

 reserved, to provide for this operation. 



The curved form of these arms always favors the 

 production of these reserved shoots. As it is also im- 

 portant to preserve .an equal degree of vigor between 

 these four arms, any one of them being too vigorous, 

 might be shortened by the process just explained, or 

 the fruit-stem pruned very short. 



Trellis with two Arms, for Plants of Moderate Vigor 

 [Fig. 34.] The shaping of these vines is done in the 

 manner already described, with this difference : that the 

 two inferior arms only, are necessary, as shown in our 

 cut. 



Trellis with a single Arm, for Vines that^ are not Vigor- 

 ous [Fig. 35.] The formation of this single arm is 

 obtained in precisely the same manner as those of 

 which we have just spoken. 



RESTORING BADLY PLANTED OR BADLY FORMED 

 VINES. The system of planting and shaping vines, 

 which we have just described, can be applied, not only 

 to new vineyards, but also to those already planted, and 

 which it is desirable to remodel according to the system 

 just explained. In that case, we must proceed in the 

 following manner : 



