2IO Vineyard Culture. 



plants, having a space between them of not more than 

 three feet. 



The use of the plow, in vineyards, is not a new thing. 

 In the region of the South where the vines are set very 

 far apart, and where the produce less sought after than 

 that of the North had not the means of transit which 

 it now enjoys, there has long been an endeavor to di- 

 minish the cost of cultivation by the use of the plow. 

 For this purpose, the tool shown in Figure 85 has been 



[FiG. 85.] Plow used in Provence. 

 used. It is nothing more than the implement intro- 

 duced into Narbonne by the Romans. This plow, hav- 

 ing no mold-board, only displaces the soil without 

 turning it over ; it therefore does very poor work. 



Nevertheless, this implement is still used, at least on 

 stony soils. It is drawn by one good-sized horse, 

 hitched to it by means of a shaft or thill. 



For vines of the same region, planted in deep ground, 

 plows with mold-boards are preferred. This plow is 

 also hitched by means of a shaft. This allows it to be 

 turned more easily in a small space, at the end of the 

 patch, and the horse is more easily handled. Figure 86 

 represents one of these tools, constructed by M. Lacaze, 

 of Nimes. Nevertheless, a plow with a single handle 



