London to John O' Groat's. 197 



* 



14 Farm horses, at the low figure of 20 each = 280 = 1,400 



4 Nags, or saddle and carriage horses . . 20 80 400 



300 Stock sheep 1 ,,300 1,500 



70 Pigs, of different ages 2 ,,140 700 



50 Head of cattle (cows, bullocks, &c.) .. 12 600 3,000 

 Carts, drills, rollers, harrows, ploughs and other 



implements 200 1,000 



1,600 $8,000 



The average rent of such land in England must be 

 at least 1 10s. per acre, and the tenant farmer must 

 pay half of this out of the capital he begins with, 

 which, on 400 acres, would amount to 300. Then, 

 if he buys a quantity of artificial manures equal to the 

 value of 10s. per acre, he will need to expend in this 

 department 200. Next, if he purchases corn and 

 oil-cake at the same ratio for his cattle and sheep as 

 that adopted by Mr. Jonas, of Chrishall Grange, he will 

 want 1,000 for his live stock of all kinds. In addi- 

 tion to these items of expenditure, he must pay his 

 men weekly ; and the wages of ten, at 10s. per week, 

 for six months, amount to 130. Add an economical 

 allowance for family expenses for the same length of 

 time, and for incidental outgoes, and you make up the 

 aggregate of 4,000, which is 10 to the acre, which 

 an English farmer needs to have and invest on entering 

 upon the cultivation of a farm, great or small. This 

 amount, as has been stated elsewhere, is the rule for 

 successful agriculture in this country. 



