GASEOUS SUNLIGHT. 145 



northeast, the Leachburg and Apollo wells; to the southeast, 

 the Murraysville wells, and to the southwest, the lights of the 

 Tarentum wells. Off in Washington county, and down to- 

 ward Steubenville, there are other wells, while at Hulton, in 

 Pittsburgh, in the east end at Soho, at Brownstown, at Sligo 

 and in Bayardstown, there are wells upon wells, roarers and 

 gushers. Some of these wells give out their gas at an enor- 

 mous pressure. A gauge on a six-inch pipe situated some 

 miles from the wells, registered one hundred and twenty 

 pounds to the square inch, and the noise of the rushing gas 

 indicated that the gauge was about right." 



Two of the most prolific of these wells, the Burns and the 

 Delamater, have been described by the late Professor J. Law- 

 rence Smith. " These are separated by at least half a mile, 

 and are located in Butler county, seven miles north-east of 

 Butler, and about fifteen miles from the Harney wells, of 

 which the gas is conducted to Pittsburg. The two wells are 

 located about thirty miles in a straight line from Pittsburg. 

 Their depth is about one thousand six hundred feet, down to 

 the fourth sand stratum so well known, at least by name, to 

 those engaged in the petroleum production '. The Burns, it is 

 believed, has never yielded oil; but the Delamater first 

 carried to the third sand layer (the oil men mean sandstone 

 when they say 'sand'), was a petroleum well at one thou- 

 sand six hundred feet. Sunk afterward to the fourth stratum, 

 it gave gas at such a pressure that the tools, of one thou- 

 sand seven hundred and sixty pounds weight, could be with- 

 drawn by hand. Each well is five and five-eighths inches in 

 diameter." 



The Delamater is the more remarkable. It furnishes light 

 and fuel to all the vicinity, including the village of Saint Joe. 

 It is situated in a valley surrounded by high mountains, which 

 reflect and concentrate the light of the ignited gas. Many 

 conduits start from the well ; one leads the gas directly to the 

 cylinder of a strong motor, which, by its pressure, acquires a 

 prodigious velocity. Another pipe feeds a flame capable of 

 reducing as much iron ore as half the furnaces of Pittsburgh. 



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