324 



INDEX. 



Chalk, 169. 



Chambered shells, 184, seq., 242. 



Chamonix glaciers, 26. 



Cham plain epoch, 275 seq. 



Cheirotherium, 177. 



Chimney of a geyser, 81. 



Cincinnati, geological situation of, 76. 



Classification of strata, 67, 71, 72. 



Clay beds in the Drift, 31, 32, 33. 



Clay iron stones, 129. 



Coal, geology of, 149 seq,, 241 ; origin 



of, 149, 241. 

 Coal measures, 141 ; fossils of, 173, seq ; 



of Cretaceous age, 172; of Jurassic 



age, 250. 



Coal period, scenes from, 241. 

 Cobble-stones, 13. 



Coleridge, on Chamonix glaciers, 27. 

 Columnar lava, 94. 

 Comets, 208; nature of, 210; not 



natives of our system, 210. 

 Comprehensive types, 254, 258 seq. 

 Comstock Lode, heat on, 98 ; mining 



on, 119 ; geology of, 119. 

 Concretions of ore, 129. 

 Condensation of first water, 222. 

 Cone of geyser, 83. 

 Cone, volcanic, origin of, 90. 

 Conglomerate, 37; notable examples 



of, 37, 38 ; Carbon i ferous, 243. 

 Continent-building, 264 seq. 

 Continuity, a principle in nature, 294. 

 Contraction of earth, 115, 227 

 Cooling earth, 110, 115, 203, 204, 219 seq., 



289. 



Cooling of sun, 289. 

 Cope, E. D , on fossil mammals, 166, 



253; on reptiles, 172. 

 Copper as a bowlder, 18. 

 Coral animals, 235. 



Cordilleran Land, 233, 235, 265; subsi- 

 dence of, 265, 266. 

 Corniferous fishes, 237. 

 Coryphodon, 256. 

 Coseguina, eruption of, 89. 

 Cosmic dust, 60, 211. 

 Cretaceous mammal, 253. 

 Crevasse, the Grand, 25. 

 Crevasses, Forbes on, 28 ; phenomena 



of, 28. 



Crinoids, 189, 234. 

 Crinoids in deep sea, 61. 

 Croll on geological climates, 290. 

 Crustaceans, 92. 

 Crust of the earth, 220 eq.; rugged 



character of primitive, 221; thick- 

 ened by sediments, 228 ; melted off 

 below, 229. 



Cycads, 246. 



Cystids, 190. 



Darkness on the deep, 222. 



Day after primeval darkness, 223. 



Dawson, G. M., on bowlders, 16. 



Deep sea, 58, 169. 



Degeneration of types, 254. 



Delamater gas well, 145. 



Deltas, 49. 



Deluge of Noah, 69, 70. 



Deposits of geysers, 83. 



De Saussure on Mer de Glace, 27. 



Devonian Age, 72; strata, 178 seq.; 

 fossils, 180 seq. 



Differentiation 255. 



Digitigrade, 255. 



Dinichthys, 183. 



Dinoceras, 256. 



Dinosaurs, 247, 260. 



Diorite, 39. 



Dip of strata, 76. 



Dolomite, primitive, 225. 



Drift defined, 18; its constitution, 19; 

 its uses, 19; semi-stratified condi- 

 tion of, 20; causes of same, 21; a 

 northern phenomenon, 21 ; suited 

 to human wants, 33; soluble sub- 

 stances in, 34. 



Drift in mining, 153. 



Dromatherium, 252,254. 



Dyke or Dike defined, 94. 



Earthquakes, 102 ;motionsof, 102; 



waves of, 103; kinds of, 103; causes 



of, foci of, 106; connected with 



action of springs, 108. 

 Eccentricity theory, 290. 

 Egg, immaterial force in, 306. 

 Elasmobranchs, 236, 238. 

 Embryological parallels, 299 

 Embryonic development, 296. 

 Emmons, E., and his work, 109. 

 Environment and organism, 71 seq. 

 Eozoic, 62,72; thickness of, 229, 231 ; 



often at highest levels, 78; rocks, 



197, 230 ; fossils, 199. 

 Eozoon, 199, 232. 

 Erosion, treated, 50; the source of 



sediments, 51 ; wastes the land, 51 ; 



in the Catskills,54; in Tennessee, 



65; in the interior, 269 ; by glacier 



