1887. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



209 



Notes From a Pennsylvania Fruit 

 Farm 



BY DANIEL D. HERR, LANCASTER, PA. 



Being a grower I deem it desirable to test all 

 new fruits as introduced. I have now growing 

 on my place 4S varieties of Strawberry, 20 

 vai'ieties of Raspberry, 13 of Blackberry, SO of 

 Grapes, also all the latest as well as the old 

 popular varieties of Apples Plums, Pears, 

 Peaches and Cherries. 



My experience of what will do best on a rich 

 sandy limestone soil, no heavy limestone, is as 

 follows: Out of 48 varieties of Strawberries I 

 would only select the few following, named in 

 the order of choice: Cr&scent Seedling, May 

 King, Sharpless, Champion, Parr}-, Mt. Ver- 

 non, Cumberland and Charles Downing (Jesse, 

 Jewell, Belmont and Bubach not yet fruited; 

 will fruit next year) . 



Red Raspberries: Marlljoro, Cuthbert, Han- 

 sell, Brandywine (Ramocas too dark and too 

 soft ; does no good with me and no other place 

 that I have yet seen). Black Baspberries: 

 Uregg, Souhegan, Ohio, Tyler. Golden Queen 

 (yellow) ; is a very large berry, good bearer, but 

 does not sell well on our market. 



Blackberries: Snyder, Early Harvest, Tay- 

 lor and Wilson Junior. 



Grapes. — Black varieties: Concord, Wor- 

 den. Cottage, Moores' Early, Champion, Tele- 

 graph. Red varieties: Brighton, Salem and 

 Perkins. White varieties: Niagara, Empire 

 State, Lady Washington, Eve, Duchess. 



Apples: York Imperial, Smith's Cider, Ben 

 Davis, Roxbury Russett, Smoke-house, Baldwin , 

 Maiden Blush, Jeffrie's Transparent. 



Pears: Bartlett, Duchess, Lawrence, Seckle, 

 Sheldon, Clapp's Favorite and Kieffer. 



Cherries: Early Richmond, English Morello, 

 Olivet, Empress Eugenie, Conestoga, Gen. 

 Ward and Cumberland. 



Plums: Lombard, Richland, German, Prince 

 Englebert, Yellow Gage and Damson. 



Peach: Globe (best of all), Mt. Rose, Stump- 

 the-World, Old Mixon, Crawford (late and 

 early), Sener, Sal way and Early York. 



Hansen. My neighbor has not found it tender. 

 Both ccuie and berry are \'ery handsome. 



I predict that within three years berries will 

 be shipped almost altogether in pint boxes, 

 t'ertainly as fast as growers try them they 

 will use pints in shipping long distances, and 

 in shij)ping the softer sorts any distance. In 

 the smaller bulks the berries reach their destina- 



showing the fruit much as it hangs on the vine 

 and in conjunction with an abundance of foli- 

 age. That there would be a great gain for ap- 

 pearances by such a natural metho<l over that 

 of laying the clusters on bare plates, which 

 soon collect dust and dirt, is easily realized. 



The lower engraving shows the form and 

 features of the stand. It consists of upright 

 metal pieces to which aue attached the horizon- 

 tal bands that support the water glasses. 



We imagine how a show stand suited to the 

 same pui-pose could be gotten up even more 

 simple and inexpensive than this. It might be 

 made of wood, the horizontal supports of slats 

 some three inches wide. These could have 

 notches sawed in from one side, of a size to ad- 

 mit the necks of water bottles, the bodies to be 

 suspended beneath. These horizontal slats 

 would not need to be circular. They might be 

 arranged to a square, or six or eight sided form 

 with the uprights placed in the inner angles. 



Notes from West-Central Illinois. 



JNO. M. STAHL. 



I have at this writing (August 17) a Siberian 

 Crab that has upon it blossoms and fruit in all 

 stages of development from blossom to matur- 

 ity. The blossoms and fruit are not on separate 

 parts or limbs, but on the same limbs. The 

 tree is making a good growth of wood, consider- 

 ing the drought. Who can beat this ? 



Numerous varieties of the English Cherries 

 in this locality have been attacked by a fungous 

 growth, belonging to the Perisjwriacei. It 

 is probably Padosphcera Kunzii — often very 

 troublesome and destructive. It appears upon 

 the under surfaces of the leaves as a white or 

 gray mold. 



Some of our Pear trees, treated to kerosene 

 emulsion for Aphis, bear many leaves scalded, 

 where the emulsion had run in globules. Is 

 this not owing to the condensing action of the 

 globules on the rays of the sun ? It is a trouble 

 to be avoided in the future. 



With a neighbor the Erhart Everbearing is 

 the favorite variety among the black Raspber- 

 ries. This variety contradicts all authorities 

 by sending up late shoots which not only bear 

 at the tips the same year, but bear by lateral 

 spurs the next year, as new growth always does. 



A friend in Louisiana writes me that he likes 

 the Sucker State Strawberry very much, but 

 does not like Crescent Seeflling. Suck<^r State 

 plants sell for three dollars per thousand in his 

 neighborhood. He uses cow-yard manure and 

 cottonseed hull ashes, and gets good results. 



In pint boxes, Crimson Beauty Raspberries 

 ship well, and one of my neighbors gets good 

 crops of it by planting it in rows alternating 

 with rows of Hansell. Grown in this way, it 

 is productive (though not so productive as the 

 Hansell), and the berries are well-shaped and 

 of good quality — of better quality than the 



AN EXHIBITION STAND OF GRAPES. 



tion in much better order, and sell better. We 

 have been informed by the commission men 

 that purchasers preferred the pint-box berries. 

 It pays to ship in pint boxes, and that's what 

 will make it popular. 



Last winter and spring combined were very 

 hai-d on our berries. The winter was very 

 cold, and the spring dry. The plants weakened 

 by the vigorous winter, were not favored by 

 the spring. If there had been more moisture 

 in the ground, the damage would have been 

 much less. The Cuthberts were badly winter- 

 killed — something very rare with us. The 

 Souhegan Blackberry we find very hardy, yet 

 it was injured a little this year. The Gregg 

 was winter-killed somewhat, as usual, and as 

 usual it nevertheless made a good yield. Mr. 

 Lightfoot claims for his new Lincoln Black- 

 berry that it is hardy, and the very sUght in- 

 jury it sustained would likely not have been 

 apparent if the spring had been favorable. 

 This berry is early and of good flavor. As Mr. 

 Lightfoot gave it practically no cultivation 

 this year, the moderate j-ield it made goes as 

 far towards substantiating his claim of its being 

 prolific and the berry of good quality as a big 

 yield of fine berries under good treatment 

 would have done. 



The Lincoln is a seedling found by Mr. 

 Lightfoot, on his place near Springfield, this 

 State. It is doubtless a cross of the Dewberry 

 and Blackberry, and some think its Dewberry 

 characteristics will detract from it for market. 



This reminds me that the color of Shaffer's 

 Colossal is against it in new markets. Its dark 

 purple when fully ripe gives it the appeai'auce 

 of a stale Red Raspberry, and people are slow 

 to buy it until they get acquainted with it. 

 Another thing against it is that it is not a first-- 

 class shipper ; but it goes all right in pint boxes. 

 No Raspberry cans more nicely, it is very pro- 

 lific, the berries are colossal, and its sprightly 

 flavor makes it very popular with many buyers. 



A French Method of ExhlbltlnR 

 Grapes. 



An excellent hint from the French on ar- 

 ranging show Grapes is found in the engravings 

 on this page, reproduced from the Gardeners' 

 Chronicle (London). The principal is that of 



REPLIES TO INQUIRIES. 



•374. Eucharis Amazonica rec|uires a high tem- 

 perature at all times to succeed and flower success- 

 fully. I think there is little use trying to do any- 

 thing with it in a cool greenhouse or window. — M. 



Milton, Yornigston^n^ Ohio. 



3!14. Training Lima Beans. I use poles tor 

 Limas six feet high and pinch otT the points of the 

 shoots as soon as they reach this height; it induces 

 them to fruit earlier and helps to concentrate the 

 strength of the plant in the development of the 

 fruit.— M. Milton. 



383. Ornamental Trees for Georgia. Ever, 

 greens. —(1) Magnolia grandiflora; (i) Cork Oak, 

 Quei-cus suber; \S) Live Oak, Quercus virens; (4) 

 Cedrus Deodora: (5) Cnnninghamia sinensis: (G) 

 Libocedrus decurrens; (7) Fortune's Yew, Cephalo- 

 taxus Fortunii; (8)Cupressus Forebris; {9)Cupreasus 

 Knightheara elegans; (10) Cupressus Lawsoniana; 

 (tl) Cupressus horizontalis; (12)Cupressus pyrami- 

 dalis. Deciduous.— (1) Acacia .Julibrissin.var. nemu : 

 (2) Silver Maple,: (3) Golden Catalpa; i4) Idesia 

 polycarpa; (.")) Koelreuteria paniculata: (6) Mag- 

 nolia acuminata: *7) Pawlonia imperialis; (8) 

 Prunus Pissardii, the Persian purple-leaf Plum: (9) 

 Soap Berry, Sapindus mari/inata; (10) Salisbui;ia 

 adiantifolia; (11) Japan Varnish. Stereulia platani- 

 foUa; (1:^) Texas Umbrella, Metia azedaiah uni- 

 bracaliformis.—T. J. Bbrckmans, Angusfa, Qa. 



397. Azaleas and Camellias. Of ten when these 

 are not carefully watered after potting the roots 

 are Uable to decay. They are tender and very sub- 

 ject to decay if the soil is kept too wet, being more 

 or less mutilated in removing from the pots. It 

 takes them some time to heal over and commence 

 growing. The soil should be sufficiently moist, but 

 not in any sense wet. The hard, brown insect on 

 the Camellia leaves is scale and can be easily re- 

 moved by brushing off and spraying with a strong 

 solution of whale-oil soap. — M. Milton. 



383. Spruce Windbreaks South. In middle 

 Georgia proper the Norway Spruce is very seldom 

 successful. Plants in 

 exceptionally favor- 

 able localities will 

 sometimes grow to 

 a fair size, but this 

 is the exception. 

 Our long and dry 

 summers are not 

 suited to that species 

 or to any of the Abies. 

 For the upper sec- ' 

 tions of the State, 

 especially in the 

 mountainous dis- 

 tricts, tlie Norway 

 Spruce succeeds bet- 

 ter. For wind-breaks 

 the following are 

 more desirable, viz: 

 A moor River Privet, 

 Ligustrtim amur- 

 ense; Japan Privet, 

 Ligu^trian Japon- 

 icum; Carolina Lau- 

 rel, Cera,-iiis C'aroli- 

 nien.tis; Red Cedar, 

 Juniperus Virgini- 

 ana; Chhiese Arbor 

 Vitiu, Biota orien- 

 talis, etc. As to the 

 value of wind-breaks 

 for orchards it is 

 demonstrated practically that Peach orchards 

 which are protected from the northern winds by a 

 belt of timber. Pines especiallly, are more apt to 

 escape the damaging effects of spring frosts than 

 others not similarly protected.- P. .1. Berckmans, 

 Augusta, Ga. 



377. Easpberries Turning Yellow. They are 

 growing in an unsuitable situation, and the only 

 course you can pursue will be to remove them to a 

 drier situation. Raspberries should not be planted 

 In any low, wet situation.— C. K. P. 



The Metal Sttind Naked. 



