350 ' General JSTotices. 



mon to the Himalayas and to China. A Raphiolepis is also mentioned 

 in India, but it does not appear to extend beyond China or Cochin- 

 China. A species of Eriol>6trya is said to be found in Persia. 



In addition to these, in tlie northern as in the soutliern parts of the 

 Himalayas, there are numerous species of J?osacea3 l)elonii^ing to such 

 genera as are found in Europe, Siberia, the Altai Mountains, China, 

 Japan, and North America; and from Caucasus to the Hindoo Khoosh, 

 on the ramifications of which, and in the valleys they include, some, as 

 the Pomacese and .^mygdaleae, appear to have their favorite resort. 

 The genera of which species are found in the Himalayas are, Jimyg- 

 dalus, Persica, »5rmeniaca, Prunus, Cerasus, -Spirai^a, Neilh'«, Ge- 

 um, Siversz'a, i?ubus, Dalibarda, Fragaria, Potentilla, Sibbiikh'a, 

 Agrimonia, Sanguisorba, -Kosa, CratseVus, Cotoneaster, Cydonia ; 

 and of Pyrus, species of the sections Pyr4phorum, JVialus, and 

 Sorbus. Of these, Neilh'a is alone peculiar to these mountains. 

 Sieversirt is interesting, as found on the Alps, in Kamtschatka, in 

 Melville Island, and in the Himalayas, on such lofty mountains as 

 Choor, Kedarkanta, and Gossainthan ; and Dalibardw, in these moun- 

 tains, in North America, and the Straits of Magalhaens. Though the 

 Posaceae are chiefly confined to the northern hemisphere, yet the south- 

 ern is not without them, as a Geum is found in the last mentioned 

 straits; a Fragaria and i?ubus in the Andes and Peru; a C'ratseViis and 

 Potentilla in Chili; and, though not to the south of the line, a Geum, 

 Pubus, and ^mygdalus, in Mexico ; and a C'erasus in the West Indies; 

 , appearing to indicate that, where any similarity of climate exists, repre- 

 sentatives of genera and families may be found, of which the greater 

 numbers exist in very distant regions. 



With respect to species which, independent of those yielding the well 

 known fruits, are common to these mountains and other parts of the 

 world, Pyrus baccata may be mentioned, which, common in Siberia, 

 was procured by Dr. Wallich from Kemaon, and found by myself on 

 Kedarkanta. Of the spiraeas, one is near, if not identical with, S. cal- 

 losa of Thunb.; S. chameedrifolia Linn., and S. kamtschatica Pall., al- 

 lied to »S. Ulmaria, found in Siberia, are also so in these mountains. -S. 

 triternata approaches S. Aruncus; and S. hindleycina is like >S. sorbifo- 

 lia. Agrimonia nepalensis resembles A. Enpsitorium. The potentillas 

 are thirty-one in number: of these, twenty-one are in Dr. Wallich's, 

 and twenty-three in the author's collection: of the latter, six are new, 

 and three are Siberian species. Many are highly ornamental, as may 

 be seen by those already inti'oduced, as well as by those figured in the 

 present work, which would succeed equally well in England. P. cath- 

 aclines, multifida, and bifurca are the three Siberian species found in 

 Kunawur. Sibbakh'a procumbens is common to Eurojie, Siberia, Ameri- 

 ca, and the Himalayas. 



Nothing can be more ornamental than the double white rose of North- 

 ern India and the Deyra Doon, P. Lyellu, kooza of the natives; nor 

 than P. Branonis, allied to P. moschata Linn., common in the valleys, 

 or the banks of streams within the mountains, ascending to the tops of 

 lofty trees, especially alders, and hanging down in elegant racemes. 

 On more lofty and drier situations, as the passes of Kunawur, R. Webb- 

 iun?i, allied to the Scotch rose, is common. P. macrophylla is the most 

 common species on the southern ftice of the mountains; but on Choor, 

 Urrukta, and such situations, P. serricea Lindl. is remarkable in always 

 having four (as P. Torrnentiila among the potentillas) instead of five, 

 the usual number of petals. In the plains, though so extensively culti- 

 vated, no species of rose appears to be indigenous. P. damascena, 

 {goolab and sud-burg of the natives, loard of the Arabs) is that most 

 highly esteemed, and cultivated in Northern India for making rose- 



