86 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



fruit without spraying his trees with poison, in order to kill 

 off the leaf-eating insects, and some of the other pests which 

 infest our orchards. At the present time, as you know, there 

 are several things which are used, such as the Bordeaux mix- 

 ture, and kerosene emulsion, each for a specific purpose. 



Fig. 4. — The Red-Humped Caterpillar, Oede»iasia concin7ia S. & A.; 

 natural size. Feeds upon apple foliage. 



This picture represents the red-humped caterpillar Oedemas'ia 

 concinna S. & A. It feeds upon the foliage of the apple tree, 

 sometimes doing considerable damage. Of course any of the 

 arsenical poisons will kill it. It does not occur in large num- 

 bers, but occasionally does some damage. 



The whole question of fighting these insects depends upon 

 the structure of the insects ; that is, upon the different kinds 

 of mouths or mouth parts which these insects have. An insect 

 with a sucking mouth has a long tube which it thrusts into 

 the tissues of the plant and sucks the sap of the plant for its 

 food. Against sucking insects we must apply something that 

 kills by contact, like whale-oil soap or kerosene, in order to 



