HUCKLEBERRIES AND BLUEBERRIES. 31 



16. Vaccinium macrocarpon, Ait., Kew., ii, 13, t. 7 ; Bot. Mag., 



t. 2806 ; Gray, Syn. FL, 2, 1, 26. 



Synonyme, Vaccinium oxycoccus, var. oblongifolius, Michx., 



FL, i, 227. 

 ** Oxycoccus macrocarpus, Pursh, Fl., 264 ; Bart., FL, 



i, t. 17. 



Bogs, etc., Newfoundland to North Carolina, through Northern 

 States and Canada to Saskatchewan, and the Cokimbia River. 



The American cranberry is described by Josselyn in his rarities 

 (^fidi Rail), and Ray, 1704, gives the American names as Cran- 

 berries and Bear Berries. Roger Williams gives the Indian name 

 as Sasemineash. In 1686, Ray describes the berry, sent him from 

 New England. Douglas says the fruit is boiled and eaten by the 

 natives of the Columbia River region under the name of Soolabich. 

 In 1814, the culture first commenced in England,'' although the 

 plant was introduced in 1760.'^ In this country the culture, which 

 has now attained great success, was first commenced on a very 

 small scale about 1840."° 



The use now with us is very large, and the berries are shipped 

 abroad in large quantities, being preferred in England to the fruit 

 of their native cranberry. 



17. Vaccinium Oxycoccus, L. Fl. Dan., t. 80 ; Eng. Bot.. 319 ; 



Schk., t. 107 ; Gray, Syn. FL, 2, 

 1, 25. 

 Synonyme, Oxj'coccus palustris, Pers., Syn., 1, 419. 



Sphagnous swamps, through Europe, North and Middle Asia, 

 North America, Greenland to Japan, around the subarctic zone 

 from Newfoundland and Labrador south to the mountains of 

 Pennsylvania, to the Saskatchewan district and to Alaska. 



In Britain called Cranberry or Fen-berry or Marsh-worts 

 (Prior) ; Russian, Klinokwa (Gmelin) ; Japanese, Aka-momo and 

 Iwa-haze (Rein) ; in German}', Moss-beer (Eyst.). 



We thus find four edible Huckleberries (Gaylussacia), fourteen 

 edible Blueberries (Vaccinium), and three edible Cranberries 

 (Vaccinium, section Oxycoccus). 



We have given the vernacular names ad nauseam to give prom- 

 inence to the confusion that exists, and to call attention to the 



18 Phillips, Comp. to the Orchard, 116. " Ait., Kew., 1789, 13. 



20 Eastwood, Man. of the Cranb., 1856. 



