G2 MASSACHTSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



lu a cool dry seasou, there is very little development of rusts^ 

 blights, and scabs, so desti'uctive in a moist warm one. For the 

 past two years fuugi of all kinds have developed in large nnmbers^ 

 and many kinds of plants have been seriously if not permanently 

 injured by their attacks. 



Tlie past season the apple scab was so abundant that many ti'ees 

 which blossomed and set a large crop of fruit were so injured In' it, 

 that they could not perfect their crop. Upon a large tree in front 

 of the house I occupy, so much of the scab appeared that the 

 leaves were dropping nearly all sunnner and the lawn had to be 

 raked several times to get rid of the litter. 



To desti'oy this parasite, solutions of copper have been found 

 effectual, either in the form of the Bordeaux mixture, ammoniacal 

 carbonate of copper, or simple carbonate of copper solutions.* 



While alone the ammoniacal carbonate of copper has proved the 

 most effectual, unfortunately it cannot be used with Paris green or 

 other arsenites, and if we wish to reduce the cost of the remedy for 

 both insect and fungous pests to the lowest figures — and all know 

 how little margin for profit there is even when we do not have this 

 difficulty to contend with — we must combine the two remedies and 

 apply them at one operation. AVith the Bordeaux mixture and 

 the simple carbonate of copper solution we can do this, and without 

 danger of injury- to the foliage. 



It has been found by experiments made at several of the state 

 stations that Paris green and copper solutions can be used with 

 lime mixtures at the rate of from 1 lb. to 100 gallons of the mix- 

 ture, to 1 lb. to 50 gallons, without injury, some even claiming as 

 eoucenti'ated a mixture as 1 lb. to 25 gallons. AVe also know that 

 neither Paris green nor sulphate of copper solutions can be safely 

 used upon the foliage of our fruit trees, in the degree of concentra- 

 tion required to destroy the above mentioned foes, without serious 

 injury to the foliage. 



I am confident that the reason why the use of Paris green has 

 been so unsuccessful in many cases for the destruction of insect 

 life, is that we have been unable to use it in a form concentrated 

 enough to reach all parts of the plants without injur}-. This will 

 also apply, in a measure, to the fungicides. 



For the purpose of destroying both insect and fungous pests we 

 must make an application of the simple solution of sulphate of 



•See formulae, page 65. 



