66 MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



agree that it is less iujurious to plant foliage tliau London purple, 

 and white arsenic is unquestionably too dangerous a material to 

 have about, from its color not being distinguishable from that of 

 many harmless substances. 



Pumps. — Many forms of pumps are now to be found in the 

 market adapted to applying the fungicides and insecticides men- 

 tioned. Of those most in use perhaps the •• Field's Perfection,'' 

 made at Lockport, X. Y., the " Gould," made at Seneca Falls, 

 N. Y., the "Douglas," made at Middletown, Conn., and the 

 "Nixon," made at Dayton, Ohio, are among the best. These are 

 made to be attached to a cask which is mounted on a stone boat or 

 wagon. The knapsack pumps which are serviceable for small 

 garden plots and small vineA'ards would be more useful if some 

 means were provided for filling Avithout removing from' the back 

 every time. The "Excelsior," recently advertised by "William 

 Stahl, of Quincy, 111., is made, I understand, after the design sent 

 out hy the United States Department of Agriculture. This is con- 

 structed after the pattern of those used by the French in treating 

 their vineyards, but will not be largely used by Americans when "the 

 horse can be made to do the heavy work of carrying the liquids.* 



XozzLES. — A nozzle to distribute such liquids as the Bordeaux 

 mixture must have an adjustable opening at the end. Among 

 those to be found in our markets are the "Perfection," sent 

 with the Field pump, the "Nixon," the "Cyclone," and the 

 " Vermorel." Professor Bailey, of Cornell University, has con- 

 trived a clamp which is attached to the end of a common rubber 

 hose, by the pressure of which the size of the opening is quickly 

 adjusted. Whatever nozzle is used it is found that it nuist be 

 attached to a long pole to distribute the liquid most evenl}" at the 

 top of large trees. 



Notes. — Many interesting facts have been brought out in tlie 

 work of the Experiment Stations of the country which could not 

 be referred to in tlie previous discussion, and I therefore intro- 

 duce them here, condensed under the heading of " Notes." 



It seems pretty well settled that, of the arsenites, Paris green 

 gives the best results as an insecticide. 



That the longer the mixture stands the greater is the injury from 

 soluble arsenic. 



•Since this paper was read further tiial of the Stahl or Excelsior pumps has 

 proved that some of then?, at least, are of no value. 



